Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk 2 Samuel 8:14

In his days, Edom rebelled, etc. For David had destroyed all the males in Edom, and he appointed governors over them instead of a king, and they paid him tribute, and all the kings of Judah did similarly: they appointed governors who pleased them. And from the days of Joram and thereafter, they [the Edomites] rebelled against the authority of Judah.

and I will give thee the nations for thine inheritance: – as He said to him, “And I have cut off all thine enemies from before thee; and I will make thee a great name like unto the name of the great ones that are in the earth” (2 Sam. 7:9); and it says (ibid. 8:14), “And all the Edomites became servants to David”; and it says (ibid. 8:6), “And the Syrians became servants to David”; and it says (1 Chron. 19:17), “and the fame of David went out into all the lands, and the Lord brought the fear of him upon all the nations.” And this is what he means when he says, “I will give thee the nations for thine inheritance.”

A Midrashic approach: the words “I will see but not now,” refer to David, whereas the subsequent words: “I can see it but not in the near future,” refer to the messiah. The words: a star comes forth from Yaakov” refer to David, whereas the words וקם שבט מישראל, “a scepter-bearer emerges from Israel,” is a reference to King Messiah. The words ומחץ פעמי מואב again refer to David, of whom it is written in Samuel II 8,2 that “he defeated the Moabites and made them lie down on the ground and measured them with a rope.” The words וקרקר כל בני שת again refer to the King Messiah of whom it is written (Psalms 72,8) that וירד מים עד ים, “he will rule from sea to sea.” The words: והיה אדם ירשה again refer to David seeing the Edomites all became slaves to David (Samuel II 8,14) whereas the words וישראל עושה חיל, “and Israel will perform deeds of valour” refer to King Messiah of whom we have read (Ovadiah 1,21) “For the liberators shall march up on Mount Zion to wreak judgment on Mount Esau, and Dominion shall be the Lord’s.”

And appointed a king over themselves. From the time of Dovid they did not have a king, as it is stated, “There was no king in Edom,.”¹⁸I Melochim 22:48. [and] “And he appointed governors in Edom.”¹⁹II Shmuel 8:14. Eight kings reigned in Edom before a king reigned in Yisroel, they are listed in the Book of Bereishis.²⁰See Bereishis 36:31-43, and Rashi there. The eight kings are listed in Bereishis Rabboh 83:2. However, Bereishis Rabboh lists Shaul as one of the eight and omits Yehorom because during Yehorom’s reign, Edom was ruled by a king. Corresponding to them, eight kings reigned in Yisroel: Ish-Boshes, Dovid, Shlomo, Rechovom, Aviyom, Asa, Yehoshophot, and Yehorom, while Edom had no king.²¹See above 3:9. What is written above that the king of Edom²²I Melochim 22:48. went with Yehorom son of Achov, and with Yehoshophot, to war against the king of Mo’av [can be explained that] he was not a real king, but a governor, who is also referred to as a king, as it is stated, “There was no king in Edom, the governor was king.”²³I.e., Yorom attacked and struck the Edomites who were near the border. The governor served instead of a king.