Myśl Żydowska do Psalmów 81:5

Our intelligence dictates that human behaviour does not escape the attention of the Creator, that reward and punishment will occur sooner or later. If this were not so, there would be no advantage in being human rather than a beast, and one's self confidence and self respect would decline to nil. For this reason the concept of reward and punishment by supernatural forces has always been widely accepted amongst mankind. To remove the sense of futility man might feel, Solomon has these words of comfort at the end of Kohelet 11, 9-10. "Rejoice young man in your youth, and let your heart cheer you in the days of youth; walk in the ways of your heart and in the sight of your eyes." The reference made here to "ways of our heart," indicates that more than one objective is to be pursued. The first objective is attention to your physical needs in life; the second is the pursuit of eternal life, referred to as "the life and goodness" in Deut. 30,15. When these are being pursued, then in the words of Kohelet 11,9, "remove vexation from your heart, put away evil from your flesh, know that concerning all these G'd would bring you to your judgment." This philosophy of Heavenly judgment is so widespread, that in all countries where human justice fails, people pin their hopes on obtaining justice from on high. Even the concept that earthly justice is predicated on Heavenly judgments, is more or less universally accepted, (in the author's time) The term "truth" is applied to human judgments that are in accord with Divine principles of justice. Divine justice is termed tzedek, righteousness. The psalmist who proclaims "truth grows on earth, and righteousness looks down from the heavens," has this in mind. (Psalms 85,12) The difference in terminology is to indicate that what originates in Heaven does not require anyone's confirmation in order for it to be considered true and objective. The Jewish contribution to this awareness is threefold. 1) We were the first to tell the world of the one Creator, His power and His interest. (in human affairs) This information subsequently began to circulate amongst mankind. 2) The knowledge that the day of judgment was the first day in Tishrey, more so than any other day of the year, as well as the purpose of this judgment. This is the meaning of "it is a day of sounding teruah for you." It is a statute for Israel, a social legislation of the G'd of Jacob." (Psalms 81,5) 3) We alone determine when this day occurs. In this manner, Israel controls the effective dates of all "holy convocations," as explained earlier.