Powtórzonego Prawa 23:15 Midrasz: Ein Yaakov (Glick Edition), Bamidbar Rabbah, Midrash Tanchuma & Midrash Tanchuma Buber

R. Chisda said further: "In the very beginning, before Israel had committed sins, the Shechina would dwell with each and every one, as it is said: (Deut. 23, 15) For the Lord thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, but as soon as Israel committed sin, the Shechina departed from them, as it is said: (Ib) That He sees no unseemly thing in thee, and turn away from thee.'"

“Each at his banner, with the insignias,” that is what is written: “Who is she who appears [like dawn, fair like the moon, pure like the sun, formidable like banners]” (Song of Songs 6:10). Israel was holy and great with their banners, and all the nations of the world look at them, wonder, and say: “Who is she who appears….” The nations say to them: “Return, return, the Shulamite” (Song of Songs 7:1); cleave to us, come to us, and we will make you governors, generals, commanders, lieutenants, commanders-in-chief. “Return, return and we will gaze [neḥze] upon you” (Song of Songs 7:1). Neḥze is nothing other than authority, as Yitro said to Moses: “You shall seek [teḥze] [from among all the people…and set over them as leaders]” (Exodus 18:21). “Return, return and we will gaze [neḥze] upon you.” And Israel says: “Why will you gaze at the Shulamite” (Song of Songs 7:1); what greatness are you according us? “Is it perhaps like the dance of the camps?” (Song of Songs 7:1). Can you, perhaps, accord us [greatness] like the greatness that God accorded us in the wilderness: “The banner of the camp of Judah” (Numbers 2:3), “the banner of the camp of Reuben” (Numbers 2:10), “the banner of the camp of Dan” (Numbers 2:25), “the banner of the camp of Ephraim” (Numbers 2:18). Can you do that for us? “Why will you gaze at the Shulamite”; what greatness are you according us? “Is it perhaps like the dance of the camps”? Can you, perhaps, accord us [greatness] like the greatness that God accorded us in the wilderness, where we would sin and he would pardon us and say to us: “Your camp shall be holy” (Deuteronomy 23:15).
Bilam, too, looked at them, and his eye came out on their account⁵This is an expression of extreme frustration. because he was unable to touch them, as it is stated: “Bilam lifted his eyes [and he saw Israel dwelling according to its tribes]” (Numbers 24:2); these are the banners. He began saying: ‘Who can touch these people, who know their ancestors and their families,’ as it is stated: “According to its tribes.” From here we learned that the banners meant greatness and protection for Israel; that is why it is stated: “Each at his banner.”

“When a camp goes out against your enemies, you shall beware of everything evil” (Devarim 23:10). There should be no levity among you so that you do not incur any liability. From whom should you learn? From Yiftach. What is written about him? “…and he was the son of a harlot…” (Shoftim 11:1) Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel said that she brought her sister-wife into her house, and our Rabbis say that she was really a harlot; and because there was some levity in him all of the people fell upon him. Therefore it is written “you shall beware of everything evil" and “If there is among you a man who is unclean…” These are Israel who became impure through idolatry, as it says “…scatter them afar like a menstruant; 'Go out,' say to it.” (Yeshayahu 30:22) “…he shall go outside the camp…” (Devarim 23:11) that they were exiled to Bavel. “And it shall be, towards evening…”(Devarim 23:12) the evening of the kingdoms, and the Holy One purifies them as it says “…he shall bathe in water…” (ibid.) and it is written “When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion…” (Yeshayahu 4:4) “…and when the sun sets…” (Devraim 23:12) When the King Messiah comes of whom it is written “…and his throne is like the sun before Me.” (Tehillim 89:37) “…he may come within the camp” (Devarim 23:12) These are Israel, entering into the Holy Temple. “And you shall have a designated place outside the camp…” (Devarim 23:13) this is the merit of Avraham. R. Pinchas said- “…so that you can go out there,” to Bavel. “And you shall keep a stake in addition to your weapons…” (Devarim 23:14) Nevuchadnezar demanded that they serve an idol and they said “…let it be known to you, O king, that we will not worship your god…” (Daniel 3:18) “…and you shall return and cover your excrement.” (Devarim 23:14) The covering of idolatry that was in Jerusalem. “For the Lord, your God, goes along in the midst of your camp…” (Devarim 23:15) The Holy One will be revealed to them immediately and saved them from the fire. “Therefore, your camp shall be holy…” (ibid.) Afterwards He will sanctify them as it says “And they shall call them the holy people, those redeemed by the Lord…” (Yeshayahu 62:12)