Wyjścia 30:21 Midrasz: Sifra & Vayikra Rabbah

8) (Vayikra 10:9) "an everlasting statute throughout your generations": to include (for invalidation of the service after drinking): spillings (of blood), mixings (of wine or oil), wavings (of offerings), presentings (to the altar), (takings of) fistfuls (of meal-offerings), smokings of incense, "pinchings" (of bird offerings), receivings, and sprinklings (of blood). Whence is it derived that if a Cohein officiates after drinking his service is invalid? From (Vayikra 10:10): "So that you distinguish between the holy and the profane." And whence is derived (the invalidity of the service of) a Cohein who officiates lacking one of the priestly vestments or not having laved his hands and his feet? From the identity (gezeirah shavah) of "an everlasting statute" (here) — "for an everlasting statute" (Shemoth 29:9, in respect to the priestly vestments" — "an everlasting statute," (Shemoth 30:21, in respect to laving of hands and feet).

Rabbi Manei of She’av, Rabbi Yehoshua of Sikhnin, and Rabbi Yoḥanan in the name of Rabbi Levi said: Due to four matters Aaron’s sons died, and death is written regarding all of them. Because they were intoxicated with wine, and death is written in its regard, as it is stated: “You shall not drink wine or intoxicating drink, [you, nor your sons with you, upon your entry into the Tent of Meeting, that you not die]” (Leviticus 10:9). Because they were lacking vestments, and death is written in its regard, as it is stated: “They shall be on Aaron and his sons [whenever they enter the Tent of Meeting…so they will not bear iniquity and die]” (Exodus 28:43). What were they lacking? It was the robe, in whose regard death is written, as it is stated: “It shall be on Aaron to serve…[and he will not die]” (Exodus 28:35). Because they entered without washing hands and feet, as it is stated: “They shall wash their hands and their feet, and they will not die” (Exodus 30:21), and it is written: “When they come to the Tent of Meeting they shall wash in water” (Exodus 30:20). And because they did not have children, and death is written in its regard; that is what is written: “Nadav and Avihu died before the Lord…and they had no children” (Numbers 3:4). Abba Ḥanin says: It is because they did not have wives, as it is written: “And atone for himself and for his household” (Leviticus 16:6); “his household,” this is his wife.