יְהוָ֗ה אֱ֠לֹהֵי אַבְרָהָ֞ם יִצְחָ֤ק וְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ שֳׁמְרָה־זֹּ֣את לְעוֹלָ֔ם לְיֵ֥צֶר מַחְשְׁב֖וֹת לְבַ֣ב עַמֶּ֑ךָ וְהָכֵ֥ן לְבָבָ֖ם אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
O, Panie, Boże Abrahama, Izaaka i Izraela, naszych ojców, zachowaj to na zawsze, nawet wyobraźnię myśli serca Twojego ludu i kieruj ich serce do Ciebie;
Rav Hirsch
Unsere Seele ist ein חושב, ein Weber (חשב Grundbedeutung: verbinden, kombinieren, חשב האפור), der Stoff ist ihr gegeben. Als gefügiger Stoff liegen alle Anlagen in ihrer Hand, gute und böse; die Seele hat sie zu verbinden, Gestalten daraus zu machen, צורות: unsere Ideale, und diese צורות sind: יֵצֶר das Gebilde unserer webenden Seele. Aus dem gegebenen Stoff können wir machen was wir wollen. Gott hat uns aber zugleich die "Muster" gegeben, nach denen wir weben sollen. Tun wir dies, so ist alles gut. Der חושב kann keines Fadens, keiner Farbe entbehren. An angewiesener Stelle und in vorgewiesener Weise ist alles gut. יֵצֶר, die Idee, die Vorstellung dessen, was wir erreichen können, lockt uns allerdings, es zu erreichen, allein dies ,יֵצֶר selbst haben wir gemacht. Ist die von uns gebildete "Idee" (ja buchstäblich יֵצֶר Ιδέα, das Gestaltete, das Bild) eine gute, so streben wir zum Guten, und umgekehrt. So heißen die Bilder, die Vorstellungen der Seele in Job in ausgeprägter passiver Form ja geradezu ויצֻרַי כצל כולם :יְעצורים (Job 17. 8), meine Vorstellungen, die Bilder, die ich in meinem Innern konstruiere, sind wie ein Schatten. So nannte David die freudige Hingebung an Gott, die שמחה להתנרב, die das Volk bei den Spenden zum Tempelbau bewährte: יצר מחשבות לבב העם, und betete: שמרה זאת, d.i. die שמחה להתנדב, bewahre diese freudige Hingebung für immer zur Idee der Gedanken des Herzens deines Volkes, d. h. mache, daß die Gedanken des Herzens deines Volkes zu allen Zeiten den Entschluss zu einer solchen Hingebung bilden mögen. (Chron. I. 29, 18).
Rabbeinu Bahya
Should someone ask: “how can the Torah decree penalties for thoughts which have never been carried out? How can the Torah expect a person to be so perfect that the temptation and intention to commit a sin never occurs to him?” Let me explain the essence of the subject. We know that man is in charge (has the choice) of the actions he carries out. This is what the Torah alluded to in Deut. 30, 15-19: “see I have today given into your hand (control) over life and goodness, over death and evil;......you shall choose life.“ Just as man can control his actions, he can also control his thoughts. True, the latter require some preparation, education. We are commanded to entertain constructive thoughts and to avoid thinking potentially destructive, sinful thoughts. G’d gives credit for our entertaining positive constructive thoughts, whereas He punishes us for thinking sinful thoughts.
If, on occasion, one does entertain unworthy thoughts, thoughts which creep up on a person uninvited, such thoughts reflect the fact that the individual in question has not trained himself sufficiently not to entertain unworthy, potentially sinful thoughts. The only cure for this is to concentrate on G’d and what He expects us to do and how He expects us to relate to His universe and our environment. One must relate to such unworthy thoughts with anger at oneself for such thoughts to have occurred to one at all. If one does so, one may rely on the saying of our sages that הבא לטהר מסיין אותו, “when a person makes a genuine effort to purify (himself or others) he receives a divine assist.” (Yuma 38) There are numerous verses in the Bible testifying to the principle that there are divine assists for people trying to do the right thing. One such verse is found In Chronicles I 28,9: ”for the Lord searches all minds and discerns the design of every thought, if you seek Him, He will be available to you.” Another verse in a similar vein is found in Proverbs 21,2: ”G’d probes the (content) of one’s hearts.” Solomon means that when man entertains positive thoughts, G’d will help translate them into reality. Other verses from Scripture which convey similar messages are found in Psalms 10,17, as well as in Chronicles I 29,18.
If, on occasion, one does entertain unworthy thoughts, thoughts which creep up on a person uninvited, such thoughts reflect the fact that the individual in question has not trained himself sufficiently not to entertain unworthy, potentially sinful thoughts. The only cure for this is to concentrate on G’d and what He expects us to do and how He expects us to relate to His universe and our environment. One must relate to such unworthy thoughts with anger at oneself for such thoughts to have occurred to one at all. If one does so, one may rely on the saying of our sages that הבא לטהר מסיין אותו, “when a person makes a genuine effort to purify (himself or others) he receives a divine assist.” (Yuma 38) There are numerous verses in the Bible testifying to the principle that there are divine assists for people trying to do the right thing. One such verse is found In Chronicles I 28,9: ”for the Lord searches all minds and discerns the design of every thought, if you seek Him, He will be available to you.” Another verse in a similar vein is found in Proverbs 21,2: ”G’d probes the (content) of one’s hearts.” Solomon means that when man entertains positive thoughts, G’d will help translate them into reality. Other verses from Scripture which convey similar messages are found in Psalms 10,17, as well as in Chronicles I 29,18.