Cytowanie Komentarza do Powtórzonego Prawa 7:20

Behold, I am sending an angel. By merit of the Ten Commandments that begin with "I am", I am sending an angel before you to guard you. Alternatively, the Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, "Behold I am sending an angel." Moses said to Him, "I am not asking for an angel to go with us, but You in Your glory. And if Your presence does not go with us, we will not move from here." The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, "I am not even sending an angel, just the hornet," as it is written, (Deuteronomy 7:20) "And also the hornet." And specifically in this world He sends the hornet, but in the future world (Malachi 3:23) "Behold I am sending Elijah the prophet to you", as it says, "Behold I am sending an angel before you."

THOU MAYEST NOT BE ABLE TO CONSUME THEM SPEEDILY. He is assuring them that G-d will destroy them all and send the hornet among them to destroy they that are left and they that hide themselves,⁴¹Verse 20. and thus they will all [ultimately] perish. He states, however, that He will not completely destroy them in war in one day, nor will He drive them out of the Land in one year, lest the Land become desolate, and the beasts of the field multiply against thee.⁴²Exodus 23:29. And He assured them further that those [of the peoples] that are left, will not be the majority, but that G-d shall confound them with a great confusion⁴³Verse 23. and most of them will be destroyed by the hand of Israel. And so he said, He will destroy them, and He will bring them down before thee; so shalt thou drive them out, and make them to perish quickly,⁴⁴Further, 9:3. [meaning] that you will destroy most of them quickly, but they will not be completely vanquished until thou be increased, and inherit the Land.⁴⁵Exodus 23:30.

AND I WILL TAKE SICKNESS AWAY FROM THE MIDST OF THEE. That is to say, through them [the bread and water that I will bless], I will free you from disease, for when your food and drink are good and healthy, they do not cause sicknesses but, on the contrary, heal you. And He states⁴³⁷Verse 26. furthermore that there will not be amongst you a woman that miscarries, a miscarrying womb⁴³⁸Hosea 9:14. nor one barren of the womb and with dry breasts,⁴³⁸Hosea 9:14. for when food and drink and the air are blessed, human bodies become healthy and the organs of reproduction are able to function properly. The verse⁴³⁷Verse 26. singles out women because they are liable to miscarriage, and sterility too is more common amongst them than amongst men. It is possible that [male sterility] is included in the expression, and I will take sickness away from the midst of thee, for barrenness is a sickness in bodies. He addresses Himself without specifications to men, and afterwards He mentioned the women, as He said, there shall not be male or female barren among you.⁴³⁹Deuteronomy 7:14. The meaning of the expression in thy land, [None shall miscarry, nor be barren, in thy land],⁴³⁷Verse 26. is to include also the animals, just as He said there, or amongst your cattle.⁴³⁹Deuteronomy 7:14. The number of thy days I will fulfill⁴³⁷Verse 26. means that one will not die prematurely in battle, nor through an epidemic caused by a change in the atmosphere, but only at a ripe age, whatever happens to be the normal span of life during that particular generation, such as seventy or eighty years as in the generation of King David.⁴⁴⁰See Psalms 90:10. I have already mentioned⁴⁴¹Above at the beginning of Seder Va’eira, and on Genesis 17:1 (Vol. I, p. 215). that these are all miracles, G-d showing wonders in the heavens and in the earth⁴⁴²Joel 3:3. for the sake of those who do His will. And then He said that just as He will do on their behalf a sign for good,⁴⁴³Psalms 86:17. so will He do to their enemies for bad; He will give them a trembling heart,⁴⁴⁴Deuteronomy 28:65. — Ramban derives this from the phrase written here: I will send My terror before thee (Verse 27). and in the chambers terror.⁴⁴⁵Ibid., 32:25. — Ramban derives this from the expression here: And I will cause discomfort to all the people to whom thou shalt come. Moreover, He will send the tzir’ah amongst them,⁴⁴⁶Verse 28. this being a certain kind of hornet of the family of the bee. The Sages mention it continually:⁴⁴⁷Machshirin 6:4. “Bees’ honey, hornets’ honey.” The meaning of the verse is that He will send this plague through the atmosphere of their land, like the locust that He had sent in Egypt: the canker-worm, and the caterpillar, and the palmer-worm, His great army⁴⁴⁸Joel 2:25. which came in the days of Joel. The meaning of the expression, and she [the hornet] will drive out the Hivite etc.,⁴⁴⁶Verse 28. is that this will be the cause of their being driven out of the land, for since the hornets will cover the face of the earth⁴⁴⁹Above, 10:5. and darken it, they will not be able to go into battle. Moreover, it will eat up all their produce in the field, similar to that which is said in the imprecations, Thou shalt carry much seed out into the field, and shalt gather little in; for the locust shall consume it, etc.;⁴⁵⁰Deuteronomy 28:38. All thy trees and the fruit of thy land shall the locust possess.⁴⁵¹Ibid., Verse 42. Similarly He said here that He will do such things to our enemies.
Scripture mentioned here the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite,⁴⁴⁶Verse 28. [and not the other four nations as well], because it adopted here a shortened form, and the intention is to all those mentioned above.⁴⁵²Verse 23. See Ramban above, 3:8 as to why the Girgashite [the seventh one] is omitted. The correct interpretation appears to me to be that the majority of these three nations [mentioned here] did not go out to battle and thus avoided being killed by the sword, because they remained strongly enclosed in their fortified places. It is against them that He sent only this form of death [through the hornet], in a similar manner to that which is said of Egypt, And thy houses shall be filled, and the houses of all thy servants, and the houses of all the Egyptians.⁴⁵³Above, 10:6. It is this which He said in the Book of Deuteronomy: Moreover the Eternal thy G-d will send the hornet amongst them, until they that are left, and they that hide themselves, perish from before thee,⁴⁵⁴Deuteronomy 7:20. and it is this hornet that crossed the Jordon with Joshua.⁴⁵⁵Rashi’s statement that the hornets did not cross the Jordan but merely “placed themselves on the east bank of the Jordan and from there injected the poison against them” applies to the hornet of the days of Moses. The one in the days of Joshua did cross the Jordan. This distinction is made in Sotah 36a. So did the Rabbis conclude in Tractate Sotah,⁴⁵⁵Rashi’s statement that the hornets did not cross the Jordan but merely “placed themselves on the east bank of the Jordan and from there injected the poison against them” applies to the hornet of the days of Moses. The one in the days of Joshua did cross the Jordan. This distinction is made in Sotah 36a. saying that the hornet injected a poison into them which caused their death, and indeed there is nowadays also in the hornet a poisonous substance which harms or even kills the victim. And it is written in the Book of Joshua: And ye went over the Jordan, and came unto Jericho; and the men of Jericho fought against you, the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Girgashite, the Hivite and the Jebusite; and I delivered them into your hand,⁴⁵⁶Joshua 24:11. and it is further written there, And I sent the hornet before you, which drove them out from before you, even the two kings of the Amorites; not with thy sword, nor with thy bow.⁴⁵⁷Ibid., Verse 12. The phrase which drove them out⁴⁵⁷Ibid., Verse 12. refers to those that are left⁴⁵⁴Deuteronomy 7:20. amongst them, for after I delivered into your hand all the nations mentioned, I sent the hornet to drive out those that are left and they that hide themselves. He mentioned the two kings of the Amorites,⁴⁵⁷Ibid., Verse 12. meaning Sichon and Og whom He had referred to earlier. All this you have done not with thy sword, nor with thy bow.⁴⁵⁷Ibid., Verse 12.
Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra wrote that the tzir’ah refers to a disease in the body, the word being of the root tzara’ath (leprosy). But there is no need for this interpretation.
And ye shall serve the Eternal your G-d⁴⁵⁸Verse 25. means that service [by offering or prayer] is to be devoted to the Proper Name [i.e., the Tetragrammaton]. The verse stating and He will bless… and I will take, [thus changing from the third-person pronoun to the first-person pronoun], is similar to the verse and thou wilt keep all His statutes… for I am the Eternal that healeth thee.⁴⁵⁹Above, 15:26. In that case too the pronouns change. I have already explained it, and the person learned [in the mystic lore of the Cabala] will understand the verse here from what I have written there.