Wyjścia 30:22 Odniesienia do Talmudu: Keritot, Jerusalem Talmud Sotah, Jerusalem Talmud Makkot & Jerusalem Talmud Megillah

WHEN ONE EATS ANYTHING LEAVENED ON PASSOVER; WHEN ONE EATS OR WORKS ON THE DAY OF ATONEMENT; WHEN ONE COMPOUNDS OIL [OF ANOINTING] OR COMPOUNDS INCENSE, OR USES [UNLAWFULLY] OIL OF ANOINTING; AND [WHEN ONE TRANSGRESSES THE LAWS OF] THE PASCHAL OFFERING , AND CIRCUMCISION — FROM AMONG POSITIVE COMMANDMENTS.

⁵⁷Babli Yoma 52b, Horaiot 12a, Keritut 5b; Tosephta Kippurim 2:15, Soṭah 13:1; Seder ‘Olam 24; Abot dR. Nathan A 31. In the Babli and the sources depending on it, some Tannaïm hold that the Ark was brought to Babylon. When the ark was hidden, there were hidden with it the flask of Manna⁵⁸Ex. 16:33–34., the bottle of anointing oil⁵⁹Ex. 30:22–33., Aaron’s staff with its flowers and almonds⁶⁰Num. 17:25., and the chest which the Philistines returned as a reparation sacrifice for Israel’s God⁶¹1Sam. 6.. Who hid it? Josiah! When he saw that it was written⁶²Deut. 28:36.: “The Eternal will lead you and your king whom you will have put above you, to a people whom neither you nor your fathers had known,” he started and hid it. That is what is written⁶³2Chr. 35:3. The Levites had not carried the Ark since the time of Samuel.: “He said to the Levites, who instruct all of Israel, the ones holy to the Eternal, put the Ark into the House that Salomon, son of David, king of Israel, built; you do not have to carry it on your shoulder.” He said, if it is exiled with you to Babylonia, you will never return it to its place. But “⁶³2Chr. 35:3. The Levites had not carried the Ark since the time of Samuel. now, serve the Eternal, your God, and his people Israel.”

MISHNAH: Where are they exiled to? To the cities of refuge. To the three in Transjordan and the three in the Land of Canaan, as it is said⁴⁶Num. 35:14.: Three cities you shall designate in Transjordan, etc. As long as those in the Land of Israel had not been selected⁴⁷Jos. 20:7. Sifry Num. 160., those in Transjordan were not receiving, as it is said⁴⁸Num. 35:13., there shall be six cities of refuge, not until all six were receiving together⁴⁹Giving asylum to the involuntary homicide..
Roads were maintained from one to the other, as it is said⁵⁰Deut. 19:3.: Maintain the road for yourselves, and divide the domain of your Land into three parts⁵¹Divide both the Land of Israel and Transjordan into three Voronoi domains each so that the nearest city of refuge always was indicated on the sign posts.. One sends with them⁵²The homicide. two scholars lest he⁵³The avenger of the blood. kill him⁵²The homicide. on the road, to argue with him. Rebbi Meïr says, he⁵³The avenger of the blood. may argue for himself as it is said⁵⁴Deut. 19:4., this is the word of the homicide.
Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Jehudah says, at the start both the involuntary and the voluntary [homicide] go to the city of refuge; the court sends and brings them back from there. If one is found guilty by a death sentence, they execute him. If he is found not guilty in a capital case, he is freed. If he is found guilty to be exiled they return him to his place as it is said⁵⁵Num. 35:25., the community shall return him to his city of refuge. Not only⁵⁶The homicide may return to his home town upon the death of the High Priest (Num. 35:28). a [High Priest] anointed with the anointing oil⁵⁷A High Priest of the period of Judges or Kings, anointed from the vial prepared by Moses (Ex. 30:22–33)., but also one wearing the many vestments⁵⁸A High Priest of Second Temple times, wearing an imitation of the High Priest’s robes., and one deposed from his office⁵⁹A High Priest of Herodian times or later, when High Priests usually were appointed annually.. Rebbi Jehudah says, also the one anointed for war⁶⁰To exhort the army, Deut. 20:2. returns the homicide. Therefore, the mothers of the [High] Priests support them with food and clothing, so they should not pray for the death of their sons.
If sentence had been passed when the High Priest died, he is not exiled. If sentence had not yet been passed when the High Priest died, and sentence was passed after a successor had been appointed, he returns after the death of the second.
If sentence was passed when there was no High Priest, or one who killed a High Priest, or a High Priest who killed, can never leave from there. He⁵²The homicide. cannot leave from there, neither for a testimony of obligation,⁶¹A religious act, neither civil nor criminal; e. g., to testify to the appearance of the New Moon. nor a testimony in a civil suit, nor a testimony in a criminal suit, not even if Israel needs him like Joab ben Ṣeruya⁶²David’s general., he cannot ever leave from there, as it is said there⁵⁵Num. 35:25.. There shall be his dwelling, there he shall die, there he shall be buried.
Just as the city grants asylum, so does its domain grant asylum⁶³Every city of refuge also is a Levitic city (Num. 35:6). Each Levitic city was surrounded by a greenbelt of 2’000 cubits, having the same status as the city itself (Lev. 35:4–5; Sotah 5:4 Notes 107–111.) The avenger of the blood has no right to pursue the homicide into the city’s domain.. If a murderer left the domain and was found by the avenger of the blood, Rebbi Yose the Galilean says, it is the obligation of the avenger of the blood and the right of everybody⁶⁴To kill the homicide who left the city of refuge (in the Babli: intentionally).. Rebbi Aqiba says, it is the right of the avenger of the blood and nobody would be liable because of him.
If a tree stands inside the domain but its crown is outside the domain, or the tree stands outside the domain but its crown is inside the domain, everything follows the crown⁶⁵If most of the crown is outside (inside), the entire tree is considered outside (inside). In the Babli, the crown is only taken as an extension of the tree.. If somebody killed in one of these cities, he is exiled from quarter to quarter; but a Levite⁶⁶Whose city it is. Only a Levite can be a permanent resident of a city of refuge. who killed is exiled from one city to another.
Similarly⁶⁷This makes no sense here; it is copied from the identical Mishnah Ševiˋit 10:8., a homicide exiled to a city of refuge whom the citizens of the town wanted to honor, should say to them, I am a homicide. If they tell him, anyway, he should accept, for it is said⁵⁴Deut. 19:4., this is the word of a homicide.