וּבִנְסֹ֣עַ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן יוֹרִ֤ידוּ אֹתוֹ֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם וּבַחֲנֹת֙ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן יָקִ֥ימוּ אֹת֖וֹ הַלְוִיִּ֑ם וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת׃
И когда скиния поднимется, левиты снесут ее; и когда скиния будет установлена, поставят ее левиты; и обычный человек, который приближается, будет предан смерти.
Rashi
יורידו אתו [AND WHEN THE DWELLING SETTETH FORWARD] THE LEVITES SHALL TAKE IT DOWN — Understand יורידו as the Targum does: they shall take it apart. Whenever they were about to set out on a journey in the wilderness from one station to another (cf. Rashi Exodus 40:38) they took the structure apart (lit., they took it apart from its state of being put up) and carried it to the place where the cloud afterwards abode, and there they encamped and erected it (the Tabernacle).
Rabbeinu Bahya
ובנסוע המשכן יורידו אותו הלוים ובחנות המשכן יקימו אותו הלוים והזר הקרב יומת, “When the Tabernacle journeys, the Levites shall dismantle it ; when the Tabernacle comes to rest the Levites shall erect it; any alien who approaches shall die.” I have already told you [Genesis 11,9] that whenever the four-lettered name of G’d, י-ה-ו-ה, appears with the letters in reverse order, this is an allusion to the attribute of Justice being at work. For instance, when Haman said וכל זה איננו שוה לי, in Esther 5,13 the spelling is an indication that at that point [the zenith of his power, after Esther had wined and dined him with the King, Ed.] the attribute of Justice reversed his rise to power and set in motion his downfall.
Here in our paragraph, dealing with the tasks of the Levites, the Torah first refers to the concealed name of G’d whereas afterwards it uses the revealed name of G’d twice in a row with the letters in reversed order to show that the element of the attribute of Justice was very much involved. Levites became the victim of that attribute, such as Uzzah in Samuel II 6,7 who trespassed against the rules for transporting the Holy Ark.
Here in our paragraph, dealing with the tasks of the Levites, the Torah first refers to the concealed name of G’d whereas afterwards it uses the revealed name of G’d twice in a row with the letters in reversed order to show that the element of the attribute of Justice was very much involved. Levites became the victim of that attribute, such as Uzzah in Samuel II 6,7 who trespassed against the rules for transporting the Holy Ark.
Rabbeinu Bahya
In each instance the allusion to the name of the Lord commences with the letter ה in the word הלוים. We know that the characteristic of the tribe of Levi is the attribute of Justice (they acted as the executioners not only against the idolaters of the golden calf, but the founding father acted as executioner against the people of Shechem).
The meaning of the words יורידו אותו is “they shall dismantle it by removing the staves holding together the pillars serving as the walls.” When it came time to make camp, the Levites were to erect the structure again. The words והזר הקרב, “any stranger that approaches,” mean that a stranger who wants to perform the service not assigned to him is guilty of death at the hands of the Lord (compare Sanhedrin 84).
The meaning of the words יורידו אותו is “they shall dismantle it by removing the staves holding together the pillars serving as the walls.” When it came time to make camp, the Levites were to erect the structure again. The words והזר הקרב, “any stranger that approaches,” mean that a stranger who wants to perform the service not assigned to him is guilty of death at the hands of the Lord (compare Sanhedrin 84).
Siftei Chakhamim
Доступно только для Premium-участниковRav Hirsch
Доступно только для Premium-участниковHaKtav VeHaKabalah
Доступно только для Premium-участниковRashi
והזר הקרב AND THE LAYMAN THAT COMETH NIGH to this service of theirs,