Вайикра 19:11 Комментарий: Tze'enah Ure'enah, Rashi, Ibn Ezra & Rashbam

“You shall not steal” [19:11]. The Talmud says in [tractate] Baba Mezia. One should not steal something from his friend in order to cause him anguish. That is to say, his thought is that he will return it, but he will cause him anguish for a while. This is a great sin, as the Talmud says, “in order to irritate him.” That is to say, his thought is to cause him anguish. Whoever steals, eventually lies and swears falsely and desecrates the name of God, heaven forbid, since one sin leads to another sin.⁸Bahya, Leviticus, 19:11.

לא תגנבו YE SHALL NOT STEAL — This is a warning addressed to him who steals money (the property of his fellow-man), but the law “Thou shalt not steal" which is contained in the Ten Commandments is a warning addressed to him who steals a human being. For this it what is learnt from the context, because it must be a matter for which one becomes liable to death by sentence of the court, (since the preceding laws in the Ten Commandments are of this character, which is the case with kidnapping and not with theft of money; cf. Rashi on Exodus 19:14) (Mekhilta 20:13:3; Sanhedrin 86a).

Do not steal follows the previous verse, in order to say: Since I have commanded you, for the glory of God, to give your own possessions to the poor, certainly you must not take someone else’s possessions!