Дварим 4:19 Каббала: Sha'arei Orah

Consider the order of the Havdalah prayer we recite on the departure of Shabbat, and you will find that, in it, our sages hinted at these matters. You will discover that the six mundane days (Chol-חול) are outside the circle, as are the nations, and as is darkness. That is, in the words, “Who separates between the holy-Kodesh-קודש and the mundane-Chol-חול,” the one is inner and the other is external. Similarly, in the words, “Between Israel and the nations,” one is inner and the other is external. Similarly, in the words, “Between light and darkness,” one is inner and the other is external, and in the words, “Between the seventh day and the six days of action,” one is inner and the others are external.⁴¹See at length in Ginat Egoz of our author, Rabbi Yosef Gikatilla, translated as HaShem Is One, Vol. 2 (The Letters of Creation, Part I), in the section entitled The Three Letters Yod-Hey-Vav-יו״ד ה״א וא״ו, and in the section entitled The Twelve Tribes of Israel correspond to the Letters ה״ו ז״ח ט״י ל״נ ס״ע צ״ק. They stated,⁴²Talmud Bavli, Beitzah 16a “Shabbat was given to the Jewish people privately, and the nations of the world have no portion in it,⁴³See Talmud Bavli, Sanhedrin 58b and elsewhere. as it states,⁴⁴Exodus 31:17 “It is an eternal sign between Me and the children of Israel,” such that the nations of the world have no portion in it. This is why in the prayers of Shabbat it was established for us to recite,⁴⁵In the Amidah prayer “And You, HaShem-יהו״ה our God, did not give it [the Shabbat] to the nations of the world, nor did You, our King, grant it as an inheritance to idolators, nor may the uncircumcised participate in its rest – for You have given it with love to Your people Israel.” Similarly, it states,⁴⁶Deuteronomy 4:11 “Lest you raise your eyes to the heavens and see the sun, moon, and stars – all the hosts of the heavens – and be drawn astray and bow to them and worship them, which HaShem-יהו״ה your God has apportioned-Chalak-חלק to all the nations under the all the heavens.” The sign by which to remember this is the generation of the dispersion (Dor Haflagah) and the verse,⁴⁷Deuteronomy 32:8 “When the Supernal One gave the nations their inheritance, when He separated the children of man, He set the borders of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel; For HaShem’s-יהו״ה portion-Chelek-חלק is His people.”⁴⁸See at greater length in Ginat Egoz by our author, Rabbi Yosef Gikatilla, translated as HaShem Is One, Vol. 1, The Gate of Intrinsic Being (Shaar HaHavayah) and on.