שֶׁ֧בַע פָּרֹ֣ת הַטֹּבֹ֗ת שֶׁ֤בַע שָׁנִים֙ הֵ֔נָּה וְשֶׁ֤בַע הַֽשִּׁבֳּלִים֙ הַטֹּבֹ֔ת שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִ֖ים הֵ֑נָּה חֲל֖וֹם אֶחָ֥ד הֽוּא׃
Семь хороших коров - семь лет; и семь хороших ушей - семь лет; сон один.
Rabbeinu Bahya
The Torah writes ופרעה חולם, “and Pharaoh was dreaming,” instead of writing ופרעה מלך מצרים חולם, “and Pharaoh the King of Egypt was dreaming.” This was an allusion to the future, i.e. that the King of Egypt would be brought down by water, that his fate would be linked to the river Nile. This river was to be the beginning of the ultimate demise of the Egyptian Empire as the foremost Empire of its period at the time of the Exodus of the Israelites. This is the reason why throughout this Parshah Pharaoh is never accorded his title as “the King of Egypt.” The failure of the Torah to mention the name “Pharaoh King of Egypt,” is a compliment to Joseph. The only time Pharaoh’s title is mentioned is when Joseph is described as standing in front of this ruler in 41,26 as in that verse mention of Pharaoh’s title further enhances the phenomenal rise to power by Joseph. It underscores that Joseph’s extraordinary attributes were responsible for Pharaoh retaining his position of power. Had it not been for Joseph and the part he played in strengthening the political power of Pharaoh during the years of famine, his decline would have set in much sooner.
The entire land of Egypt, nay even the whole earth, would have been a loser had it not been for the advice proffered by Joseph how to cope with the impending seven years of drought.
The entire land of Egypt, nay even the whole earth, would have been a loser had it not been for the advice proffered by Joseph how to cope with the impending seven years of drought.
Rashbam
בן שבע עשרה שנה, this was necessary so that we realise that the separation of Joseph from his father –during which time Yaakov had considered his as dead- lasted for 22 years. The Torah testified in 41,26 that Joseph was 30 years old when presented to Pharaoh, after which time 7 good years and 2 years of famine occurred before Yaakov and family descended to settle in Egypt, making a total of 22 years of separation.
Radak
טובים, fat ones. We find that Avraham (18,7) also offered the angels calves which were רך וטוב, “tender and fat.” When we read about the seven good cows Pharaoh saw in his dream (41,26), the word for “fat” is also טובות.