Комментарий о цитате к Вайикра 21:12

Say to the priests, the sons of Aaron, and say to them. Do we not already know that the priests are the sons of Aaron? What is learned by the sons of Aaron? Also, the repetition of the term say needs explanation. It seems to me to say about this that Aaron was the holy one of God, the source of holiness, and from him holiness was drawn also to his sons, but they were not like him in every aspect because they were distant from the source of holiness. Therefore, Aaron, who was the source of holiness, was not permitted to defile himself for any relative, even for a father or mother. So too, every High Priest from his seed is like him in every aspect, as he receives the abundance of holiness inherently and primarily from the primary holiness of God, as it is written, for the crown of the anointing oil of his God is upon him. The term crown denotes separation, meaning that he was separated through the anointing of his God, which was placed upon him directly, not through an intermediary. But the sons of Aaron, who received holiness through Aaron as an intermediary, are described differently, for on their own they have no holiness, but by virtue of being the sons of Aaron, they have holiness. Therefore, their law is divided: on account of the portion of holiness they received, they should not defile themselves for distant dead, but because they are somewhat distant from the source of holiness, they are permitted to defile themselves for close relatives. Therefore, the saying is repeated, because the first saying, Say to the priests, the sons of Aaron, indicates that by virtue of their being sons of Aaron, they received holiness through Aaron as an intermediary, so it is appropriate to command them, he shall not defile himself for the dead among his people. And say to them is a second saying, referring to their own essence, which does not have so much additional holiness, as is hinted at in the words to them, as if they were not the sons of Aaron. Therefore, it is appropriate to command them a separate command, except for his relative, that they are permitted to defile themselves for close relatives.

שנאמר: "ומן המקדש לא יצא" – Rabbi Yehuda expounds [on the verse – Leviticus 21:12]: “He shall not go outside the sanctuary,” at all. And Rabbi Meir expounds that he shall not leave from his holiness, that is, he should be careful that he not come in contact [with the bier] and within the city there are alleys where there is recognition and he is careful. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.

The linen tunic is the merit of Yaakov, who experienced pain over the tunic of many colors. The linen pants represent the merit of Yosef who kept the holy covenant, and the linen sash is in the merit of Moshe who includes and encompasses all of Israel like a sash. The linen turban represents the merit of Aharon.

for it is all inclusive Heb. כָּלִיל, an expression of all-inclusive beauty (23:12). Another explanation: כִּי כָּלִיל הוּא, for it was perfect. Another explanation: כִּי כָּלִיל couronne in French, like (Lev. 21: 12): “crown (נֵזֶר),” which is translated כְּלִיל by Targum.