Комментарий о цитате к Мишлей 9:17

They so stated with his wife; all the more so with the wife of his friend. (Our master and teacher [Rashi] wrote, "As it is written in the Fathers According to Rabbi Nathan), "They said [this] about his menstruant wife, all the more so regarding the wife of his fellow." It means to say, that he not increase words with his menstruant wife, lest his impulse overcomes him and he comes to a mishap; and all the more so with the wife of his fellow, about whom his impulse pressures him even more. As if they said it with the one that will be permissible for him tomorrow - and it appears to him like 'bread in his basket' - all the more so with another woman, whom the impulse desires, as the matter that it stated (Proverbs 9:17), "stolen waters are sweet." But it appears to be explained according to its simple meaning, "They so stated with his wife," not to ever accustom her to [many] words, so that she not be found with him every day. As a man should not be with his wife for his pleasure, but [rather] to fulfill the commandment; so as to distinguish between man and beast, as they said in Tractate Berakhot 22a concerning a man with a nocturnal emission, "So that they not be with their wives like chickens." And that is the trait of separation which brings one to the highest levels, as we say (Avodah Zarah 20b), "Separation brings to purity."

“And you shall not steal.” The [additional] letter vav [at the beginning of the commandment] hints that not only is adultery with a married woman forbidden, but even sexual relations with an unmarried woman is prohibited, as it is called “stolen waters,” as it is written Stolen waters are sweet (Proverbs 9:17), and this verse speaks about sexual relations with an unmarried woman.

This is what is concluded in Tractate Sukkah in Chapter HaChalil (53a): When David dug the foundations [of the Temple], the depths threatened to flood the world… until David recited the fifteen Songs of Ascent and the waters subsided. For David knew that the Generation of the Flood was punished through the great depths for the sin of promiscuity, because the waters of the depths are hidden waters, and regarding promiscuity, Solomon called it stolen waters (Proverbs 5:15) — meaning hidden waters, in contrast to what is said drink water from your cistern (Proverbs 9:17). Therefore, when David needed to raise the depths, he was afraid that perhaps by raising it, it would flood the world as happened to the Generation of the Flood. Thus, he recited the fifteen Songs of Ascent to hint that in the merit of Israel fencing themselves off from forbidden relations, with God’s name [Yah] mediating between them, they would be saved from the great depths. This is what is concluded in those fifteen Songs of Ascent: Your wife shall be like a fruitful vine (Psalms 128:3). The word your wife [ishtekha] has the letter alef marked with a segol vowel [made up of three dots], indicating that it speaks of a time when there are three partners in creating a person — father, mother, and the Holy One Blessed be He. And when the Holy One Blessed be He is a partner in the matter, then God’s name [Yah] mediates between them. Therefore, it says poriah“ [fruitful] with the addition of the letters yud-heh. And so our Sages said (Sukkah 51b): Between the men’s court and the women’s court there were fifteen steps. All this indicates that the number fifteen always mediates between man and woman, as all this stems from the holiness of God’s name Yah. Therefore, all these measurements of the ark were always close to the number fifteen, as mentioned.