Комментарий о цитате к Тегилим 114:2

V. 2. קדש לי כל בכור. Es war uns unmittelbar zuvor, Kap. 12, 51, das Frühere rekapitulierend und dies Neue einleitend, gesagt worden, wie die Stammes-Familien- und Häusergruppen, in welche sich die Nation zum Peßachopfer gesammelt, auch beim Auszuge blieben, wie Gott sie על צבאותם "nach diesen ihren Heeresgruppen" hinausführte, wie somit überhaupt die Nation in diese Gruppen geschieden verharrte. Heißt es ja daher vielleicht auch: בצאת ישראל וגו׳ היתה וגו׳ ישראל ממשלותיו und nicht ממשלתו (Ps. 114, 2), indem Israel sich Gott als eine "Mehrheit von Reichen" als eine unbegrenzte Zahl von seiner Waltung und Leitung sich unterstellenden Kreisen darbot.

בְּצֵאת יִשְׂרָאֵל “When Israel's went out of Egypt.” When Beit Ya’akov and Beit Yisrael are mentioned together, Beit Yisrael refers to the Jewish men and Beit Ya’akov refers to the Jewish women, as Scripture states, “Thus shall you say to the house of Jacob and declare to the children of Israel…” (Ex. 19:3) as Rashi writes.³⁰⁴Exodus 19:3 Rashi - “To the house of Jacob:” This denotes the women — to them you shall speak in gentle language “And tell the children (sons) of Israel:” explain to the men the punishments and the details of the commandments in words that are as hard (distasteful) as wormwood.” In Rabbinic literature Bayit, house, is often used to refer to one’s wife. When the Israelites left Egypt the other nations said, “Are the offspring really related to the house of Jacob? If the Egyptians ruled over the men, how much more so (did they rule over) the women? It was as if, God needed to prove the Israelites were of proper lineage, as is stated, “the tribes of Yah gave testimony for Israel,” (Ps. 122:4) Yah, God, testified about them that they were the children of (Israelite) fathers, as is written, “Enochites…. Pelluites…” (Nu. 26:5) That which is stated, “When Israel left Egypt…” The House of Jacob, the women, left Egypt when the non-Jews were spreading rumors that they were the illegitimate children of a foreign nation. The women of Israel were righteous and closed their door (to everyone but) their husbands, as is written, “ A garden locked is my own, my bride, a fountain locked, a sealed-up spring.” (Song 4:12) There was but one among them and Scripture publicized it!³⁰⁵See Lev. 23:10-12 The (faithfulness of the Israelite women) caused the elevation of the Divine Presence, so to speak, because all the commandments which Israel performs adds to the power of might above, as is written, “With God we shall create might.” (Ps. 60:14) Thus the Psalm continues, “Judah became His holy one.” (Psalm 114:2) If it was speaking about the tribe of Judah it should have said, “Judah was…” Rather, Judah is a combination of the two names of God: the tetragrammaton (Havayah) and Adonai. The letter dalet alludes to the four letters of Adonai. It is called dalet because it is needy and has no powers of its own, like the moon which has no light of its own except for the light it receives from the sun.³⁰⁶This expression is commonly used in Kabbalah to describe Malchut or Shechinah. “When Israel left Egypt,” then the Shechinah also left with them and She was their holy place for she was sanctified.

יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו : “Israel, God's dominion.” (Ps. 114:2) The Sages of Truth say that Israel and Jacob are single pillar; from the middle up is Israel and from the middle down is Jacob. Similarly, Rachel and Leah are called humility (anavah) and fear/awe (yirah). Leah is above and Rachel is below her. Regarding this the sages said, “That which wisdom- Chochmah (is complete wisdom) is made as a crown for its head-Rosh-ראש, humility- Anavah made as a heel-Ekev-עקב for its sandal,”³⁰⁷ Shaarei Orah Joseph GIkatilah, Ninth Gate, Second Sefirah: https://www.sefaria.org/Shaarei_Orah%2C_Ninth_Gate%2C_Second_Sefirah.62?vhe=Shaarei_Orah,_grimoar&lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en . The quote continues in the text: “All this is included in the secret of these two Sefirot, Crown-Keter and Wisdom-Chochmah, both of which are included in the secret of the Yod-י, which includes both Humility-Anavah and Wisdom- Chochmah, with fear-Yirah-יראה adhering to both, fear-Yirah-יראה being the place of their bonding and adhesion.” It would appear that Israel refers to keter and Chochma and is parallel to Leah. (“The effect of humility is fear of HaShem,”) (Pro. 22:4) And it is also written, “ The beginning of wisdom is the fear of HaShem.” (Ps. 111:10) It would appear that below is parallel to Ya'akov, but not above which is parallel to Yisrael. In an hour of favor Rachel rises up to Israel. That is what is stated here, “”When Judah became His holy one, ” (Ps. 114:2) referring to Rachel, together they are sanctified. She ascends until “Israel” becomes her “dominion,” instead of Jacob.