Амос 4:12 Ссылки в Талмуде: Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot, Jerusalem Talmud Megillah & Berakhot

It was stated¹¹⁶Tosephta Berakhot 2:20; a slightly different version is Babli Šabbat 10a. One returns to the problem discussed earlier that tefillin, as objects of holiness, cannot be worn on an arm that is not separated from one’s genitals by some clothing. Hence, tefillin cannot be worn when one is naked, or in the presence of naked people. Prayer and religious study go by the same rules, following the verse (Amos 4:12) “Israel, prepare yourself for your God”.: “Entering a bathhouse, in the room where everybody is fully clothed¹¹⁷A Roman bathhouse was essentially a sauna. In the hot room, everybody was naked. In the anteroom, one was cooling down after the hot steam, getting massaged by the olearii, and putting on one’s clothes. The outer rooms were used for social affairs, especially in large cities. one may read the Bible, pray¹¹⁸This is the reading of the Rome manuscript, the Tosephta and R. Solomon Cirillo; the Leyden manuscript and the Venice print have תפילין “tefillin”; but these are separately mentioned later., and needless to say, one may greet people¹¹⁹The problem with the greeting formula “peace with you” is that Peace is one of the names of God, Jud. 6:24; hence, greeting somebody with שָּׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם is permitted only under circumstances that would allow prayer. The prohibition does not include greetings in other languages if the name of God is not invoked.. One may put on tefillin, and needless to say, one does not remove them. In the room where most people are naked one may not exchange greetings and needless to say, there is no Bible reading or prayer; one removes one’s tefillin and needless to say, one does not put them on. Where some are naked and some are clothed there is greeting, no Bible reading and no prayer, one does not remove tefillin and one does not put them on. But one does not put them on again until he has completely left the grounds of that bathhouse.” This supports what Rebbi Isaac said about Rebbi Yoḥanan, that he wore them until he came to Jacob, the bath master.

Rebbi Idi in the name of Rebbi Simeon in the name of Rebbi Yoḥanan said: No man should pray when he has an urge to go to the bathroom¹⁴⁹In the Babli (Berakhot 23a) this appears as a statement of R. Samuel ben Naḥmani in the name of Rebbi Jonathan. It is really a Tosephta (Berakhot 2:18).. What is the reason? (Amos 4:12) “Prepare yourself before Your God, o Israel!” Rebbi Alexandri said: (Eccl. 4:17) “Watch you feet when you go to God’s house”; watch yourself from the drops that drip from between your feet. That means, for urine. But for defecation, if he can bear it, let him bear it¹⁵⁰The Babli disagrees and states that prayer is only permitted when one is able to walk 4 mil without going to the bathroom (about a 70 minutes’ walk)..

Rebbi Aḥa the son of Rebbi Simeon³¹³As noted, read: R. Idi in the name of R. Simon (ben Laqish). in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: No man should stand at an elevated place and pray. What is the reason? Rebbi Abba the son of R. Pappai said: From the depth I call on You, Eternal!³¹⁵Ps. 130:1. Rebbi Ada bar Simeon in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan said: No man should pray when he has an urge to go to the bathroom. What is the reason? Israel, prepare yourself before Your God.³¹⁶Am. 4:12. Rebbi Alexandri said: Watch your feet when you go to God’s house³¹⁷Eccl. 4:17.; watch yourself from the drops that drip from between your feet. That means, for urine. But for defecation, if he can bear it, let him bear it. Rebbi Jacob bar Abiah in the name of Rebbi Aḥa: Watch your feet when you go to God’s house; watch yourself when you are called to God’s house that you should be pure and innocent. Rebbi Abba said: Your fountain shall be blessed³¹⁸Prov. 5:18., your being called to the grave shall be blessed. Rebbi Berekhiah said: A time to be born and a time to die³¹⁹Eccl. 3:2., hail to the man whose hour of death is like the hour of his birth; just as at the hour of his birth he was innocent so at the hour of his death may he be innocent.