Midrash sa Mga Awit 19:4: Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Midrash Tanchuma & Vayikra Rabbah

Another interpretation (of Lev. 21:1): SPEAK UNTO THE PRIESTS. This text is related (to Ps. 19:3–4 [2–3]): ONE DAY POURS OUT SPEECH TO ANOTHER…; THERE IS NO SPEECH, NOR ARE THERE WORDS. You find that in the days of autumn the day lends to the night, while in the days of summer the night lends to the day.³See Lev. R. 26:4; M. Pss. 19:10. (Vs. 4:) THERE IS NO SPEECH, NOR ARE THERE WORDS. No creature hears < about any difference > between them, as stated (in Ps. 19:4 [3]): THERE IS NO SPEECH, NOR ARE THERE WORDS, [NOR IS THEIR VOICE HEARD]. Down below, however, when the children of Adam lend to each other, how many quarrels they generate! Thus it is stated (in Ps. 19:4–5 [3–4]): THERE IS NO SPEECH, NOR ARE THERE WORDS…. [THEIR LINE GOES OUT THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE EARTH, AND THEIR WORDS TO THE END OF THE WORLD]. The heavenly creatures need neither talk nor speech, but earthly creatures need talk (rt.: 'MR), speech, and words (rt.: 'MR). (Lev. 21:1:) SPEAK (rt.: 'MR)… AND SAY (rt.: 'MR). Perhaps they will attend to them (i.e., the double command). Thus it is stated (ibid.): SPEAK UNTO THE PRIESTS, [AND SAY UNTO THEM].

Another interpretation (of Exod. 22:24 [25]:) IF YOU LEND MONEY <TO MY PEOPLE, TO THE POOR PERSON WITH YOU, YOU SHALL NOT ACT TOWARD HIM AS A CREDITOR. > What is the difference between a human act and an act of the Holy One? When someone human is in debt to a comrade, he says: Give me what you have on hand. He says to him: I have nothing now. They immediately have a quarrel and humiliate each other. But the Holy One is not like that. Thus you find that in the summer the day borrows from the night until the summer solstice.³¹Below, Lev. 8:2; Exod. R. 31:15. Then from the summer solstice until the winter solstice the night borrows from the day. Where is it shown? <Where> David said (in Ps. 19:3 [2]): ONE DAY POURS OUT SPEECH TO ANOTHER. The former is lending to the latter and the latter is lending to the former; but no one hears what the difference is between them, as stated (in vs. 4 [3]): THERE IS NO UTTERANCE; THERE ARE NO WORDS…. But when humans lend to each other, one hears quarreling. The Holy One said to Moses: Go and say to those Israelites: Although you lend to each other, you shall not treat <the borrower > with contempt.

Observe the difference between the deeds of men and of God. If a man owes his fellowman a hundred,²⁶Probably referring to gold dinars. or two hundred, or three hundred, and the latter says to him: “Pay me what you owe me.” And he replies: “I have nothing,” they quarrel and abuse each other forthwith. The Holy One, blessed be He, does not act in that fashion, however. You find that during the summer, in the interval between Tevet and Tammuz (when the days grow longer and the nights shorter), the day borrows from the night, and in the interval between Tammuz and Tevet (when the reverse happens), the night borrows from the day, Yet there is no speech, there are no words, neither is their voice heard (Ps. 19:4). Thus the Holy One, blessed be He, warned Moses to tell the Israelites: If you lend money to one of My people, do not embarrass him, for he is with Me. Even to the poor with thee (Exod. 22:24). Consider yourself as though you were among the poor of your people. Even to the poor with thee. The sages concluded from this verse that between the poor of your family and the poor of your city, the poor of your family must take precedence, and between the poor of your city and another city, the poor of your city must take precedence.