Midrash sa Mga Awit 59:12: Midrash Tanchuma, Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Aggadat Bereshit & Bereshit Rabbah

And the whole earth was of one language (Gen. 11:1). Scripture states elsewhere in allusion to this verse: Slay them not, lest my people forget, make them wander to and fro by Thy power, and bring them down, O Lord our shield. For the sin of their mouth, and the words of their lips (Ps. 59:12). David uttered this verse in reference to Doeg and Ahithophel.²⁹Doeg informed against the priests in Nob (I Sam. 22:9–19), and Ahithophel advised Absalom to go in unto his father’s concubines (II Sam. 16:20–22). He cried out to the Holy One, blessed be He: Master of the Universe, slay them not as you do other men, lest my people forget the miracles you performed (in my behalf). Make them instead to wander to and fro under Your control so that they may roam about in this world. And bring them down, that is, from their exalted position. Why? For they have rebelled against You.

[(Gen. 11:1:) NOW THE WHOLE EARTH HAD ONE LANGUAGE.] This text is related (to Ps. 59:12 [11]): DO NOT KILL THEM LEST MY PEOPLE FORGET; MAKE THEM WANDER BY YOUR POWER AND BRING THEM DOWN.⁹³Tanh., Gen. 2:17; cf. Gen. R. 38:1. Against whom did David speak this scripture? He spoke it against none other than Doeg and Ahithophel. David said to the Holy One: Sovereign of the World, do not kill them by a death that you use on the rest of Adam's children; but {make them wander in the world} [MAKE THEM WANDER BY YOUR POWER] to be homeless nomads in the world. [AND BRING THEM DOWN:] and bring them down from their arrogance. Why? (Ps. 5:11 [10]:) BECAUSE THEY REBELLED AGAINST YOU. (Ps. 59:13 [12]:) FOR THE SIN OF THEIR MOUTH AND THE WORD OF THEIR LIPS < means > that they had sinned with their mouth and again with their lips. Doeg said (in I Sam. 22:9): I SAW THE SON OF JESSE COME TO NOB…. Ahithophel said to Absalom (in II Sam. 16:21): GO IN TO YOUR FATHER'S CONCUBINES…. < That was > THE SIN OF THEIR MOUTH, which they had sinned with their mouth. THE WORD OF THEIR LIPS: By the < actual > utterance on their lips. Ergo (in Ps. 59:13 [12], cont.): {THEY WERE TRAPPED IN THEIR SPEECH} [LET THEM BE TRAPPED BY THEIR PRIDE].

Chapter 32: Prophets [1] These are the nations that the Lord left to test Israel with (Judges 3). It is written, "Do not kill them, lest my people forget; make them totter by your power and bring them down, O Lord our shield" (Psalms 59:12). Since the time that the Lord was revealed to Moses, He was seen only through the hand of an angel, as it is written, "And the angel of the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire" (Exodus 3:2). This angel was Michael, who guarded Moses and Israel at the sea, as it is written, "And the angel of God, who was going before the camp of Israel" (Exodus 14:19). In Egypt, an angel was sent to take them out, as it is written, "And he sent an angel and brought us out of Egypt" (Numbers 20:16). When they came to the desert and made the Golden Calf, Moses destroyed the angel, and they did not seek him anymore. Moreover, the Lord said to him, "Guard yourself from him, and listen to his voice" (Exodus 23:21). When Moses heard that the Lord would not forgive their sin (Exodus 32:34), he began to say, "Why should we leave the one in whom it is written, 'Who is like you, O Lord, among the gods? Who is like you, majestic in holiness?' (Micah 7:18). He will bear our iniquities, etc." (Micah 7:19). Moses wanted to take the one in whom it is written that He will not forgive their sin. The Lord said to him, "If your face goes, I will go" (Exodus 33:15). He said to him, "This is what I will do: my face will go, and I will leave you" (Exodus 33:14). "And as long as Moses was alive, he was not permitted to see the angel, until Joshua stood in Jericho and was revealed, as it is said: 'And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him.' (Joshua 5:13) The angel said to him, 'I ask of you not to reject me, just as Moses rejected me and I have been bound for many years. And now I have come to watch over you, as it is said: 'And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come.' (Joshua 5:14)". The angel said to him, "I ask of you not to reject me, just as Moses sculpted me, I have been bound for many years, and now I have come to protect you, as it is said 'And he said, No, but as captain of the army of the LORD I have now come' (Joshua 5:14). And at that hour, the Lord commanded an angel to spare human beings from the nations, so that they may repent, such as Rahab the harlot, and also so that Israel may learn from them how to make war. Therefore, it is said, "Do not kill them, lest my people forget" (Psalms 59:12). Israel should not forget how to wage war and they should also be tested with them. If they do not abandon them to the Lord and do not speak with arrogance, then I will also help them destroy their enemies. Move forward with courage and bring them down, O Lord, in the merit of whom? In the merit of Abraham, 'Fear not, Abram, I am a shield to you' (Genesis 15:1), and so Moses said, 'Happy are you, Israel! Who is like you, a people saved by the LORD? He is your shield and helper' (Deuteronomy 33:29). And he said to Joshua, 'You are old and advanced in years, and there remains yet very much land to possess' (Joshua 13:1). Nevertheless, I will expel them from before the children of Israel" (Joshua 13:6). Therefore, it is said, "These are the nations."