以賽亞書 40:26 註釋：Rashi, Ibn Ezra & Tze'enah Ure'enah

who created these All the host that you will see on high.

Who hath created these, these creatures that are here; and who is it, that bringeth out their host with number every day. This phrase refers to the daily apparent coming and going of the stars. It may also refer to the planets, each of which has its circuit defined by a number, which is known to the Almighty, but unknown hitherto to the wise men of the East and to all astronomers.⁵⁷The use of the expression the wise men of the East for men possessing the highest degree of wisdom is derived from the words And Solomon’s wisdom exceeded the wisdom of all the children of the East. (1 Kgs. 5:10). —The number referred to in I. E.’s remark (מספר צאת) is the number of the revolutions each planet has completed since its creation. This number, he says, is unknown to all philosophers and astronomers; but if the era of the creation, which is generally adopted by the Jews, and which places the creation in the year 3760 before the commencement of the Christian era, is correct, it cannot be difficult to find the number of the revolutions of each planet. I. E. seems, therefore, to doubt the correctness of the number 3760. He adds, however, another explanation, referring the number to the fixed stars, which, in fact, no man was ever able to count, nor did any ever profess to be able. It is, however, possible, that the prophet refers to the number of stars in the highest sphere,⁵⁸Each of the planets is considered to move in and by a certain sphere (גלגל) ; there are seven spheres for the seven (then known) planets; another for the Zodiac, and the ninth for the other fixed stars, which is most distant from or highest above the earth. See c. vi. Note 5. which no man, however wise, is able to tell.

because of His great might that He has, and that He is strong in power, no one of His host is missing, that He does not call by name.