כִּ֛י לֹא־יֶחְדַּ֥ל אֶבְי֖וֹן מִקֶּ֣רֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֤י מְצַוְּךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר פָּ֠תֹחַ תִּפְתַּ֨ח אֶת־יָדְךָ֜ לְאָחִ֧יךָ לַעֲנִיֶּ֛ךָ וּלְאֶבְיֹנְךָ֖ בְּאַרְצֶֽךָ׃ (ס)
因為窮乏的人在這地上永不會斷絕，所以我吩咐你說：«你務要向你的弟兄，就是你地上困苦和窮乏的人，張開你的手。»
Ibn Ezra
I have already explained the needy will not be absent in the midst of your land [comment on 15: 7].
Ramban
FOR THE POOR SHALL NEVER CEASE OUT OF THE LAND. Commentators302Reference is to Ibn Ezra and others. have said that the meaning thereof is that the poor shall never cease out of the Land at any of all times, for there will always be poor in the Land, for it was apparent before Him that they will not do [to make possible] what he said to them, But there shall be no needy among you,303Above, Verse 4. if only thou diligently hearken unto the voice of the Eternal thy G-d to observe to do all this commandment.304Verse 5. But it is not correct in my opinion, for the Torah may allude to what will be but it would not explicitly prophesy about them [the Israelites] that they will not fulfill the Torah, nor would he have commanded them [to observe the commandments while foretelling] that they would always transgress them. Forbid it! It is only by way of warning that he mentions [their transgressions].
The correct interpretation is that he says that it is impossible for the poor to cease so that none should ever exist. He [Moses] mentioned this because, having assured them that there would be no needy if they observe all the commandments305Verse 7. he said: “But I know that not all generations forever will observe all the commandments in which case there would be no need to charge you concerning the poor, for perhaps, at some time, there will exist poor and so I command you about him if he will be found.” He states out of the Land [for the poor shall never cease ‘out of the Land’] in order to allude to the entire habitation [anywhere on earth], for the promise that there would not be needy among us applies in the Land which the Eternal our G-d giveth us for an inheritance303Above, Verse 4. if we will fulfill there all the commandments. And now he said that it is possible that, at some period or at some place where you will have settled, there be found a poor man among you. For the meaning of the expression in thy Land305Verse 7. [If there be among you a needy man … ‘in thy Land’] is like in all your habitations306Exodus 12:20. — within the Land of Israel and outside of the Land.
The correct interpretation is that he says that it is impossible for the poor to cease so that none should ever exist. He [Moses] mentioned this because, having assured them that there would be no needy if they observe all the commandments305Verse 7. he said: “But I know that not all generations forever will observe all the commandments in which case there would be no need to charge you concerning the poor, for perhaps, at some time, there will exist poor and so I command you about him if he will be found.” He states out of the Land [for the poor shall never cease ‘out of the Land’] in order to allude to the entire habitation [anywhere on earth], for the promise that there would not be needy among us applies in the Land which the Eternal our G-d giveth us for an inheritance303Above, Verse 4. if we will fulfill there all the commandments. And now he said that it is possible that, at some period or at some place where you will have settled, there be found a poor man among you. For the meaning of the expression in thy Land305Verse 7. [If there be among you a needy man … ‘in thy Land’] is like in all your habitations306Exodus 12:20. — within the Land of Israel and outside of the Land.
Rashbam
僅限進階版會員使用Chizkuni
僅限進階版會員使用Tur HaArokh
僅限進階版會員使用Siftei Chakhamim
僅限進階版會員使用Rav Hirsch
僅限進階版會員使用Rashi
לאמר suggests: I give you good advice for your own benefit (Sifrei Devarim 118:2).