申命記 24:13 註釋：Rashi, Ibn Ezra, Rabbeinu Bahya & Chizkuni

כבוא השמש [THOU SHALT RESTORE HIM THE PLEDGE] WHEN THE SUN GOETH DOWN — if it be a night garment; whilst if it be a garment worn during the day restore it to him in the morning. This, indeed, has already been written in the section beginning with the words ואלה המשפטים (Exodus 22:25) “Restore it unto him till the going down of the sun” which means: restore it unto him for the whole day and at nightfall you may take it again [till the daybreak of the next morning] (Bava Metzia 114b; cf. Rashi on Exodus 22.25.2 and Note thereon).

will have righteousness means that it is right for you to allow him to sleep with his collateral. In many places, in the view of the Exegetes, a distinction is drawn between justice and righteousness.

השב תשיב לו את העבוט , “be sure to return the pledge to him.” Even if the lender already kept the pledge in his possession for many years (seeing he had not been repaid) if and when the borrower does repay the loan he must return the pledge to him (and not deduct it from the repayment). The procedure of returning the pledge in the evening and exchanging it in the morning, etc., also does not have a time limit and may have to be repeated hundreds of times (compare Temurah 6). The pledges meant here are garments worn either by day or by night which the borrower cannot afford to be without at the respective time of day, and which therefore are constantly being exchanged. This is why the Talmud says in Baba Metzia 114 concerning our verse 12 that the lender must not keep the pledge overnight. The same applies to kitchen utensils which must be put at the borrower’s disposal at the time when he prepares his meals. Other, less essential utensils, do not have to be returned and exchanged on a daily basis.

וברכך AND HE WILL BLESS THEE — and even if he will not bless thee, in any case, ולך תהיה צדקה IT SHALL BE RIGHTEOUSNESS UNTO THEE [BEFORE THE LORD THY GOD] (Sifrei Devarim 277:4).