創世記 18:32 第二聖殿時期文獻：On Mating with the Preliminary Studies & On the Birth

[109] We find it in the suppliant prayer of wise Abraham, who when fire was about to consume what is called the land of Sodom, but is in reality a soul barren of good and blind of reason, prayed that if there should be found in it that token of righteousness, the ten, it might receive some remission of punishment (Gen. 18:32). He begins indeed his supplication with fifty, the number of release, but ends with ten, which closes the possibility of redemption.

§ 122. The number sacred to education. Philo seems to associate the “perfect” number ten (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) with education, partly at least because he found in Lev. 27:32 that “every tenth which comes under the rod shall be holy” and he was convinced that the rod was παιδεία (De Cong. 94). Also he seems to have argued that the μέση παιδεία was the minimum which God would accept, and that therefore the “ten” of Gen. 18:32, must refer to that. This view is developed in De Mut. 226 ff.