Kommentar zu Wajikra 13:2
אָדָ֗ם כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֤ה בְעוֹר־בְּשָׂרוֹ֙ שְׂאֵ֤ת אֽוֹ־סַפַּ֙חַת֙ א֣וֹ בַהֶ֔רֶת וְהָיָ֥ה בְעוֹר־בְּשָׂר֖וֹ לְנֶ֣גַע צָרָ֑עַת וְהוּבָא֙ אֶל־אַהֲרֹ֣ן הַכֹּהֵ֔ן א֛וֹ אֶל־אַחַ֥ד מִבָּנָ֖יו הַכֹּהֲנִֽים׃
Wenn bei einem Menschen auf der Haut seines Leibes eine Geschwulst entsteht, oder eine Flechte oder ein Fleck, und es könnte an der Haut seines Leibes zum Aussatz werden, so werde er gebracht zu dem Priester Aaron, oder zu einem seiner Söhne, der Priester.
Rashi on Leviticus
'שאת או ספחת וגו — These are the names of leprous plagues — A RISING, A SCAB etc., — and they are the one whiter than the other (cf. Shevuot 5b; Sifra, Tazria Parashat Nega'im, Section 1 4).
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Ramban on Leviticus
SE’EITH O SAPACHATH O BAHERETH’ (A RISING, OR A SCAB, OR A BRIGHT SPOT). “These are the names of the plagues, each one whiter than the other.” This is Rashi’s language. Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra wrote that “se’eith is a term for ‘burning,’ the word being associated with the expressions: ‘v’hamaseith’ (and the beacon) began to arise up;52Judges 20:40. ‘va’yisa’eim’ (and) David (burned them).53II Samuel 5:21. It is possible that it is called se’eith [literally: ‘uprising,’ ‘swelling’], because it is in the nature of fire to rise upwards. Sapachath is of the root: ‘sphacheini’ (attach me), I pray;54I Samuel 2:36. ‘v’nispechu’ (and they shall cleave) to the house of Jacob55Isaiah 14:1. — signifying a sickness which attaches to one place. Bahereth is of the root, ‘bahir’ (bright) in the skies,56Job 37:21. becoming a sort of sign or mark.” [Thus far is Ibn Ezra’s interpretation.] If so, the term se’eith is the name of the plague caused by the bitter green burning fluid [in the body],57See in Seder Vayikra Note 264. and bahereth is caused by the white fluid, and sapachath is brought about by a combination of both of these fluids. Now our Rabbis have said:58Shebuoth 6 b. “The word se’eith is always an expression of ‘rising,’ and so it is stated in Scripture, And upon all the high mountains, and upon all the hills ‘hanisa’oth’ (that are lifted up),59Isaiah 2:14. and sapachath always means ‘attachment,’60This means as follows: The two principal colors of leprosy-sign are bahereth and se’eith. To each of these two colors Scripture has added a sapachath — a second shade of it. Thus the number of colors is four. See further, Notes 105 and 107, for the precise nature of these colors and their gradations. and so it is stated in Scripture, ‘sphacheini’ (attach me), I pray.”54I Samuel 2:36.
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Sforno on Leviticus
אדם כי יהיה בעור בשרו, generally, such phenomena occur when one did not purify oneself from the effects of having had sexual relations or direct contact with the seed of a menstruating woman.
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