וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל נִגַּ֖שׂ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּאֶל֩ שָׁא֨וּל אֶת־הָעָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר אָר֣וּר הָ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֨אכַל לֶ֜חֶם עַד־הָעֶ֗רֶב וְנִקַּמְתִּי֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבַ֔י וְלֹֽא טָעַ֥ם כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לָֽחֶם׃ (ס)
Und die Männer von Israel waren an diesem Tag verzweifelt; aber Saul beschwor das Volk und sprach:'Verflucht sei der Mann, der bis zum Abend etwas isst, und ich werde an meinen Feinden gerächt.' Also schmeckte keiner der Leute Essen.
Rashi on I Samuel
Were hard pressed on that day. They were being rushed and pressed10 As in Shemos 5:13; Metzudos renders “approached.” to wage war against the Philistines.
Rashi on I Samuel
[Shaul] had imposed an oath. An expression of oath.11 Shaul did not want the Bnei Yisroel to interrupt their pursuit of the Philistines; he therefore bound the Bnei Yisroel with an oath that no one should eat any food until the evening.
Rashi on I Samuel
Who will eat food. All food is included [in לֶחֶם], as in, "Let us destroy the tree with its fruit ]בְּלַחְמוֹ[."12 Yirmiyahu 11:19.