Midrasch zu Wajikra 26:37

(Fol. 27b) (Deut. 24, 16) Fathers shall not be put to death for the children..... for his son's sin, etc. For what purpose is this written? If only to teach us the meaning of it taken literally, we know this from the end of the verse — for his own sin shall every man be put to death. It must therefore be interpreted, fathers should not die by the testimony of their children, and children shall not die by the testimony of their fathers. And children, you say, should not die by the sin of their fathers? Is there not a passage (Ex. 34, 7) Visiting the iniquities of the fathers upon the children? That passage refers to children who hold in their hands the deeds of their fathers, (follow their fathers' example), as we are taught (Lev. 26, 39) And also through the iniquities of their fathers shall they pine away with them; i.e., when they hold in their hands the deeds of their fathers. But perhaps this refers even to those who do not follow the example of their fathers? Since the passage reads (Deut. 24, 16) For his own sin shall every man be put to death, it includes even those who follow the deeds of their fathers. And when they do not follow the example of their fathers you say they cannot be punished? Indeed it is written (Lev. 26, 37) And they shall stumble one over another. Infer from tins that all (Israel) are responsible for one another. That deals with a case when they had an opportunity to protest [against the evil] and they did not, [they are therefore responsible].

4) (Vayikra 26:37) "and they will be chased by the sound of a driven leaf": R. Yehoshua ben Karchah said: Once we were sitting between the trees and the wind started blowing and dashed the leaves against each other — whereupon we arose and ran, saying (to ourselves): "Woe unto us if we are overtaken by the horsemen!" After some time we turned around and found no one there — whereupon we sat down and cried, saying "Woe unto us, upon whom has been fulfilled the verse "and they will be chased by the sound of a driven leaf, and they will flee as one flees the sword" — from fright — "and they will fall though none pursue" — from powerlessness.

5) (Vayikra 26:37) "And they will stumble, one man by his brother": It is not written "one man because of his brother" (i.e., in running), but "one man by his brother," the sin of his brother — whereby we are taught that all of Israel are responsible, one for the other.