Talmud zu Ijow 36:33

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Zeїra said, they asked before Rebbi Yannai: What [are the rules] if he put it on the plug²⁸A clay plug that closes the open top of the amphora and forms a barrier for the smell. of the amphora? He said to them (Job 36:33): “Its neighbor²⁹In the verse, ריע is derived from רוע “to sound the trumpet.” will inform about it.” What means, “its neighbor will inform about it”? Rebbi Yose said, that which we have stated there³⁰Mishnah Makhšiřin 3:2–3: “2. An amphora full of fruits added to fluids, or one full of fluids added to fruits; if they absorbed, all those which absorbed are prepared. They spoke about water, wine, and vinegar, but the rest of the fluids are pure. R. Neḥemiah declares legumes pure because legumes do not absorb. 3. If somebody takes hot pitta bread out of the oven and deposits it on the mouth of an amphora of wine, Rebbi Meїr declares it impure but Rebbi Jehudah declares it pure. Rebbi Yose declares it pure in the case of wheat and impure in the case of barley because barley absorbs.”
For preparation of solid food for impurity, cf. Demay, Chapter 2, Note 141. For the impurity of fluids, Demay, Chapter 2, Notes 136–137.
The amphora contains fruit not prepared for impurity. Since the walls of a clay amphora are porous, the fruits inside (or outside) may get moist. Since human action puts the amphora into the fluid, the moisture prepares for impurity. This applies only to water and wine; the rest of the impure fluids (olive oil, date honey, and human body fluids) are viscous and do not penetrate a clay wall. In Mishnah 3, the wine is impure. Bread, being made with water, is always prepared for impurity. R. Meїr holds that the bread will receive the taste of the wine by absorbing particles evaporated from the wine. Since he holds that all smells transfer prohibitions and impurity, the bread must be impure.: “An amphora full of fruits added to fluids, or one full of fluids added to fruits.” As you say there, only if the fluids touch the amphora; so here only if the loaf touches the plug. Rebbi Mana said, from this it follows as you say there, only if the fluids touch the amphora itself; so here only if the loaf touches the plug itself³¹Since the plug sits on the narrowest part of the neck of the amphora, in most cases a pitta deposited on top of the rim will not touch the plug. As noted in the next sentence, this argument is valid only if the pitta is almost cold since a hot pitta will sink down and always touch the plug.. His opinion implies, even [if the pitta] is cold. Rebbi Abba said, the problem was about a cold one³²The original question directed to R. Yannai.. But did we not state “hot”? Rav Ḥisda said, that one should not say since the vapor absorbs it should be permitted.