Talmud zu Mischlej 23:20
אַל־תְּהִ֥י בְסֹֽבְאֵי־יָ֑יִן בְּזֹלֲלֵ֖י בָשָׂ֣ר לָֽמוֹ׃
Sei nicht unter Weinbibbern; Unter gefräßigen Fleischessern;
Jerusalem Talmud Sanhedrin
MISHNAH: When is he guilty? From the moment he eats a fourfold15Greek τετραμοιρία “fourfold portion”, cf. H. and E. Guggenheimer, תרטימר בשר Sinai 83(1978) p. 191. A baraita in the Babli (Pesahim 86b, Besah25b) states that a civilized person drinks a cup of wine (a quarter log, about 130 cm3) in two sips. One becomes deviant in drinking half a log in one gulp; this is the fourfold amount of a civilized person. The “fourfold amount” of meat is defined in the Halakhah (and the Babli) as half a Roman pound. Therefore, a civilized person will eat meat in portions no larger than 1½ Roman oz. per bite. The amount mentioned in the Mishnah refers to a single bite or sip, not the total amounts consumed during a meal (Maimonides Mamrim 7:2).
The form טרטימר instead of טטרמור is not unusual since Greek words copied into Aramaic or Hebrew often exhibit metathesis if one of the consonants λμνρ is involved [H. and E. Guggenheimer, למילון התלמודי יב Lešonenu 39(1975) 59–60.] portion of meat and drinks half a log of wine. Rebbi Yose says, a mina of meat16A Greek mina of 100 drachmas, not a Semitic maneh of 60 šeqels (between 120 and 240 drachmas), cf. Note 20. and a log of wine. If he ate in a company of obligation17In modern Hebrew this is called סְעוּדַת מִצְוָה “a meal of obligation”, the festive meal at religious occasions such as weddings, circumcisions, redemption of firstborns, etc., or at the lengthening of a month18Before the publication of the calendar computations the Synhedrion, and its successor, the Academy of Tiberias, had to determine for every month whether it should have 29 or 30 days. This meeting always was the occasion of a festive meal., or ate Second Tithe in Jerusalem, or ate torn or carcass meat, abominations and crawling things, i. e., if he ate anything which either is an obligation or anything forbidden, or ate any food but not meat, or drank any drink but not wine, he does not turn into a deviant and rebellious son unless he ate meat and drank wine, since it is said: gorging and drinking to excess4Deut.21:18.. Even if it is not proof, there is a hint in what is said: Do not be among those who drink wine excessively, nor with those who are gorging themselves on meat19Prov. 23:20..
The form טרטימר instead of טטרמור is not unusual since Greek words copied into Aramaic or Hebrew often exhibit metathesis if one of the consonants λμνρ is involved [H. and E. Guggenheimer, למילון התלמודי יב Lešonenu 39(1975) 59–60.] portion of meat and drinks half a log of wine. Rebbi Yose says, a mina of meat16A Greek mina of 100 drachmas, not a Semitic maneh of 60 šeqels (between 120 and 240 drachmas), cf. Note 20. and a log of wine. If he ate in a company of obligation17In modern Hebrew this is called סְעוּדַת מִצְוָה “a meal of obligation”, the festive meal at religious occasions such as weddings, circumcisions, redemption of firstborns, etc., or at the lengthening of a month18Before the publication of the calendar computations the Synhedrion, and its successor, the Academy of Tiberias, had to determine for every month whether it should have 29 or 30 days. This meeting always was the occasion of a festive meal., or ate Second Tithe in Jerusalem, or ate torn or carcass meat, abominations and crawling things, i. e., if he ate anything which either is an obligation or anything forbidden, or ate any food but not meat, or drank any drink but not wine, he does not turn into a deviant and rebellious son unless he ate meat and drank wine, since it is said: gorging and drinking to excess4Deut.21:18.. Even if it is not proof, there is a hint in what is said: Do not be among those who drink wine excessively, nor with those who are gorging themselves on meat19Prov. 23:20..
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