Talmud zu Tehillim 71:78

Rav Huna said: If one put something into his mouth and forgot to recite the benediction, if it is fluid he spits it out, if it is food he puts it to one side⁶⁹In the Babli (50b–51a), Rav Yehudah, a student of Rav but mainly of Samuel, has three categories: Fluids he swallows, food that can be taken out he takes out, food that one cannot touch once it is in the mouth he puts into one cheek. In the Babli, the verse of R. Yoḥanan is quoted to prove that food which can be taken out without problems must be taken out. While the Yerushalmi states a clear difference between Babylonian and Israeli practice, the Babli harmonizes both practices.. Rebbi Isaac bar Mari⁷⁰His name appears only here. In the Babli (loc. cit.) he is called רִבִּי יִצְחָק קַסְקַסָּאָה, cf. Latin cascus “old, old-fashioned” (E. G.). [The word קסקסים that appears in Tosephta and Babli is explained by Rashi as weeds, by S. Lieberman as rock outcrops in a field, from קשקשים “fins”, by J. Levy as clumps of earth or stones hewn from a rock.] before Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun in the name of Rebbi Yoḥanan even if it is food he takes it out since it is written (Ps. 71:8) “May my mouth be full of Your praise⁷²This text is also in Tosephta Berakhot 4:6. It is quoted in Babli 37a where, however, the formula “Creator of kinds of seeds” is replaced by “Creator of the fruit of the earth” since the Babli does not recognize any benediction for produce not mentioned by the majority opinion in the Mishnah., all day long of Your glory.”

⁵⁶Babli 39a, Tosephta Soṭah 13:6–8.“All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime he⁵⁴The scapegoat. did not fall down half the mountain before he dissolved into limbs; after Simeon the Just’s death he fled to the desert and was eaten by the Saracens. All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime the lot for Hashem⁵⁷Mishnah 4:1. came up in his right hand; after Simeon the Just’s death sometimes it came up to the right, sometimes to the left. All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime the Easternmost light⁵⁸In the evening, the easternmost light of the candelabrum was lit first but in the morning it was serviced last. It was one of the miracles of the Temple that it outlasted all other lights of the candelabrum. was burning; after Simeon the Just’s death sometimes it was extinguished, sometimes burning. All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime the shiny strip⁵⁹Mishnah 6. turned white; after Simeon the Just’s death sometimes it turned white, sometimes it turned red. All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime the fire on the altar steadily increased; after they had put on two logs in the morning⁶⁰Chapter 2, Note 19. they did not add anything during the day. After Simeon the Just’s death the fire weakened; the had to add wood all day long. All during Simeon the Just’s lifetime a blessing was in the Two Breads⁶¹The two leavened breads required for the service of Pentecost; Lev. 23:17. and the shew-bread; the part of each one came to an olive sized bite; some of them ate and were full, some of them ate and left over. After Simeon the Just’s death the blessing was taken from the Two Breads and the shew-bread; the part of each one came only to a pea-sized bit. The decent ones refrained from taking; the gluttons stretched out their hands. It happened that a Cohen from Sepphoris took his and another’s part; he was called “pea-sized one” to this day. This is what David said⁶²Ps. 71:4., My God, let me escape from the hand of the evildoer, from the palm of the criminal and oppressor.”

Rebbi Judah bar Pazi started¹⁵⁴Started a sermon. with this: (Ps. 71:16): “I shall come in strength, Eternal, God.¹⁵⁵While the verse is quite clear: “When I reach old age, o Master, Eternal, I shall remember only Your justice!”, it is taken here out of context to note that it seems to be possible to come in strength before the Eternal.” It is written (Zach. 4:14): “These are the two oil-sons who stand over the Lord of all the earth.” Rebbi Abbahu said, Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish disagree. One says, these are the ones who come in novitiate¹⁵⁶From Latin tiro, -onis “novice, recruit” to mean “come without accumulated merit before the Eternal. {The commentaries and dictionaries all derive the word from Greek τυραννίς, because of a similar homily in the next paragraph using באין בזרוע “being strong-armed”. But then it should read טוּרוניא and a clear meaning of the sentence can only be obtained by distorting the meaning of the word.} before the Holy One, praised be He. The other one says, these are the ones who come by the power of [kept] commandments and good deeds before the Holy One.

³⁶This is a continuation of the verses begun in Rule 8. ‘Thy righteousness also, O God, reacheth unto high heaven; Thou Who hast done great things, O God, who is like unto Thee?³⁷Ps. 71, 19. O Lord, Thy name endureth for ever; Thy memorial, O Lord, throughout all generations.³⁸ibid. CXXXV, 13. Let all ascribe strength to God and give honour to the Torah. O magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt His name together.’³⁹ibid XXXIV, 4. The Torah scroll must be elevated at Hear, O Israel, at the threefold declaration of the unity of God, and at O magnify the Lord with me.⁴⁰For the modern ritual, cf. P.B., p. 145.