Commentary for Deuteronomy 32:21
הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃
They have roused Me to jealousy with a no-god; They have provoked Me with their vanities; And I will rouse them to jealousy with a no-people; I will provoke them with a vile nation.
Rashi on Deuteronomy
קנאוני means, they made My anger glow (cf. Rashi on v. 16).
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Ramban on Deuteronomy
THEY HAVE ROUSED ME TO JEALOUSY WITH A NO-GOD — “with something that is not a god.” This is Rashi’s language. And if so, He alludes to the demons mentioned earlier.67Ibid., Verse 17. The correct interpretation is that He is stating: “They have roused Me to jealousy with an untrue god, for there is no G-d save the Eternal,82See Psalms 18:32. and beside Him there is no savior,”83Hosea 13:4. similar to what is stated, Now for long seasons Israel was without the true G-d.84II Chronicles 15:3.
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Sforno on Deuteronomy
הם קנאוני בלא אל, the generations during the first Temple aroused My jealousy because they practiced idolatry, i.e. they worshipped “non-gods,”
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