Commentary for Exodus 31:16

וְשָׁמְר֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת לַעֲשׂ֧וֹת אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.

Sforno on Exodus

ושמרו במי ישראל את השבת, in this life, לעשות את השבת, on a day that is totally Shabbat. [the afterlife. Ed]

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Or HaChaim on Exodus

ושמרו בני ישראל את השבת, "The children of Israel shall observe the Sabbath, etc." Why did the Torah add another "observance?" Besides, why does the Torah use the verb לעשות, "to do," which expresses an activity when the meaning seems to be that the children of Israel are to observe the Sabbath by "abstaining" from a number of activities? Our sages have pursued their own path in explaining this wording.

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Rabbeinu Bahya

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Commentary for Exodus 31:16

Sforno on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Rabbeinu Bahya

Mekhilta d'Rabbi Yishmael

Rav Hirsch on Torah

Chizkuni

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus

Or HaChaim on Exodus