Midrash for Numbers 2:32
אֵ֛לֶּה פְּקוּדֵ֥י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם כָּל־פְּקוּדֵ֤י הַֽמַּחֲנֹת֙ לְצִבְאֹתָ֔ם שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֙לֶף֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים׃
These are they that were numbered of the children of Israel by their fathers’houses; all that were numbered of the camps according to their hosts were six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred and fifty.
Bamidbar Rabbah
These are the accountings of the children of Israel according to their fathers' house etc (Numbers 2:32). On ten occasions were Israel counted: Once when they went down to Egypt "all the persons of Yaakov’s household who came to Egypt: seventy" (Genesis 46:27). A second time when they came out" The Children of Israel moved on from Ra’amses to Sukkot, about six hundred thousand on foot, menfolk apart from little-ones" (Exodus 12:37). A third time after the incident of the Golden Calf: "when you take up the head-count of the Children of Israel, in counting them, they are to give, each-man, a ransom for his life, for Ad-nai, when they count them, that there be no plague on them, when they count them. (Exodus 30:12). Twice in the Book of Numbers [chumash hapekudim]: once in connection with the formation of the camps (Numbers 1:2) and once in connection with the division of the land (Numbers 26:2). Twice in the days of Shaul "[Shaul] mustered them in Bezek, and the Israelites numbered 300,000, the men of Yehudah 30,000" and "Shaul mustered the troops and enrolled them at Telaim: 200,000 men on foot, and 10,000 men of Yehudah" (1 Samuel 11:8, 15:4). The eighth time in the days of David "Yoav reported to the king the number of the people that had been recorded: in Israel there were 800,000 soldiers ready to draw the sword, and the men of Yehudah numbered 500,000" (2 Samuel 24:9). The ninth time in the days of Ezra "The sum of the entire community was 42,360" (Ezra 2:64; see also Nehemiah 7:66). The tenth time will be in the future era, when, "the sheep shall pass again under the hands of One who counts them [said Ad-nai]" (Jeremiah 33:13).
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