Midrash for Numbers 9:15
וּבְיוֹם֙ הָקִ֣ים אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן כִּסָּ֤ה הֶֽעָנָן֙ אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן לְאֹ֖הֶל הָעֵדֻ֑ת וּבָעֶ֜רֶב יִהְיֶ֧ה עַֽל־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן כְּמַרְאֵה־אֵ֖שׁ עַד־בֹּֽקֶר׃
And on the day that the tabernacle was reared up the cloud covered the tabernacle, even the tent of the testimony; and at even there was upon the tabernacle as it were the appearance of fire, until morning.
Shir HaShirim Rabbah
“I am black but lovely, daughters of Jerusalem, like the tents of Kedar, like the curtains of Solomon” (Song of Songs 1:5).
“I am black but lovely,” black in terms of my actions but lovely in terms of the actions of my ancestors. “I am black but lovely,” the congregation of Israel said: I am black in terms of myself,188I acknowledge my sins and demand of myself that I improve in my service of God (Maharzu). and am, therefore, lovely before my Creator, as it is written: “Are you not like Kushites to Me, children of Israel [– the utterance of the Lord]” (Amos 9:7), you are like Kushites in terms of yourselves, but to Me you are the children of Israel – the utterance of the Lord.
Another matter, I was black in Egypt and I was lovely in Egypt. I was black in Egypt; “they defied Me and were unwilling to heed Me” (Ezekiel 20:8). I was lovely in Egypt, with the blood of the Paschal offering and the blood of circumcision, as it is written: “I passed you, and I saw you wallowing in your blood, and I said to you: In your blood, you shall live” (Ezekiel 16:6); this is the blood of the Paschal offering; “I said to you: In your blood, you shall live” (Ezekiel 16:6); this is the blood of circumcision.
Another matter, I was black at the sea, as it is stated: “They rebelled at the sea, at the Red Sea” (Psalms 106:7). And I was lovely at the sea, as it is stated: “This is my God and I will glorify Him” (Exodus 15:2). I was black at Mara, as it is stated: “The people complained against Moses, saying: What will we drink?” (Exodus 15:24). And I was lovely at Mara, as it is stated: “He cried to the Lord and the Lord showed him a tree and he cast it into the water and the waters were sweetened” (Exodus 15:25). I was black in Refidim, as it is stated: “He called the name of the place Masa and Meriva” (Exodus 17:7).189Masa and Meriva literally translate to “trial” and “dispute.” And I was lovely in Refidim, as it is stated: “Moses built an altar, and he called its name: The Lord is my banner” (Exodus 17:15). I was black at Ḥorev, as it is stated: “They crafted a calf at Ḥorev” (Psalms 106:19). And I was lovely at Ḥorev, as it is stated: “Everything that the Lord stated we will perform and we will heed” (Exodus 24:7). I was black in the wilderness, as it is stated: “How much they defied Him in the wilderness” (Psalms 78:40). And I was lovely in the wilderness with the establishment of the Tabernacle, as it is stated: “On the day the Tabernacle was established” (Numbers 9:15). I was black with the scouts, as it is stated: “They issued a slanderous report” (Numbers 13:32). And I was lovely with Joshua and Caleb, as it is stated: “Except Caleb ben Yefuneh the Kenizite [and Joshua son of Nun]” (Numbers 32:12). I was black in Shitim, as it is stated: “Israel settled in Shitim [and the people began engaging in harlotry]” (Numbers 25:1). And I was lovely in Shitim, as it is stated: “Pinḥas stood and prayed” (Psalms 106:30). I was black regarding Akhan, as it is stated: “The children of Israel trespassed regarding the proscribed spoils” (Joshua 7:1). And I was lovely regarding Joshua, as it is stated: “Joshua said to Akhan: My son, please give honor [to the Lord, God of Israel]” (Joshua 7:19). I was black regarding the kings of Israel and I was lovely regarding the kings of Judah. If with the black that I had, I was lovely, among My prophets, all the more so.190Many commentaries suggest that the text should read “lovely ones [na’im]” rather than “prophets [neviim]” (see, e.g., Maharzu; Etz Yosef). One interpretation of this statement is: If even at the places where I was black I was also lovely, how much more so in the places where I was not black.
“I am black but lovely,” black in terms of my actions but lovely in terms of the actions of my ancestors. “I am black but lovely,” the congregation of Israel said: I am black in terms of myself,188I acknowledge my sins and demand of myself that I improve in my service of God (Maharzu). and am, therefore, lovely before my Creator, as it is written: “Are you not like Kushites to Me, children of Israel [– the utterance of the Lord]” (Amos 9:7), you are like Kushites in terms of yourselves, but to Me you are the children of Israel – the utterance of the Lord.
Another matter, I was black in Egypt and I was lovely in Egypt. I was black in Egypt; “they defied Me and were unwilling to heed Me” (Ezekiel 20:8). I was lovely in Egypt, with the blood of the Paschal offering and the blood of circumcision, as it is written: “I passed you, and I saw you wallowing in your blood, and I said to you: In your blood, you shall live” (Ezekiel 16:6); this is the blood of the Paschal offering; “I said to you: In your blood, you shall live” (Ezekiel 16:6); this is the blood of circumcision.
Another matter, I was black at the sea, as it is stated: “They rebelled at the sea, at the Red Sea” (Psalms 106:7). And I was lovely at the sea, as it is stated: “This is my God and I will glorify Him” (Exodus 15:2). I was black at Mara, as it is stated: “The people complained against Moses, saying: What will we drink?” (Exodus 15:24). And I was lovely at Mara, as it is stated: “He cried to the Lord and the Lord showed him a tree and he cast it into the water and the waters were sweetened” (Exodus 15:25). I was black in Refidim, as it is stated: “He called the name of the place Masa and Meriva” (Exodus 17:7).189Masa and Meriva literally translate to “trial” and “dispute.” And I was lovely in Refidim, as it is stated: “Moses built an altar, and he called its name: The Lord is my banner” (Exodus 17:15). I was black at Ḥorev, as it is stated: “They crafted a calf at Ḥorev” (Psalms 106:19). And I was lovely at Ḥorev, as it is stated: “Everything that the Lord stated we will perform and we will heed” (Exodus 24:7). I was black in the wilderness, as it is stated: “How much they defied Him in the wilderness” (Psalms 78:40). And I was lovely in the wilderness with the establishment of the Tabernacle, as it is stated: “On the day the Tabernacle was established” (Numbers 9:15). I was black with the scouts, as it is stated: “They issued a slanderous report” (Numbers 13:32). And I was lovely with Joshua and Caleb, as it is stated: “Except Caleb ben Yefuneh the Kenizite [and Joshua son of Nun]” (Numbers 32:12). I was black in Shitim, as it is stated: “Israel settled in Shitim [and the people began engaging in harlotry]” (Numbers 25:1). And I was lovely in Shitim, as it is stated: “Pinḥas stood and prayed” (Psalms 106:30). I was black regarding Akhan, as it is stated: “The children of Israel trespassed regarding the proscribed spoils” (Joshua 7:1). And I was lovely regarding Joshua, as it is stated: “Joshua said to Akhan: My son, please give honor [to the Lord, God of Israel]” (Joshua 7:19). I was black regarding the kings of Israel and I was lovely regarding the kings of Judah. If with the black that I had, I was lovely, among My prophets, all the more so.190Many commentaries suggest that the text should read “lovely ones [na’im]” rather than “prophets [neviim]” (see, e.g., Maharzu; Etz Yosef). One interpretation of this statement is: If even at the places where I was black I was also lovely, how much more so in the places where I was not black.
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Shir HaShirim Rabbah
“You have charmed me, my sister, my bride; you have charmed me with one of your eyes, with one bead of your necklace” (Song of Songs 4:9).
“You have charmed me [libavtini],118This word is spelled in Hebrew with the letter bet doubled, which is expounded as an allusion to two hearts [levavot]: the good inclination and the evil inclination. my sister, my bride; you have charmed me” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev]119The Sages refer to a person as having two hearts due to the capacity one has to do good or evil. When acting properly, one is referring to as serving God with both of one’s hearts. When sinning, one is referred to as serving God with only one heart while rebelling against God with one’s other heart. in Egypt, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – with the blood of the paschal offering and the blood of circumcision; “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] at the sea, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – as you stood before Me on Mount Sinai and said: “Everything that God spoke we will perform and we will heed” (Exodus 24:7); “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini]” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] in the wilderness, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – with the establishment of the Tabernacle, as it is stated: “On the day the Tabernacle was established, [the cloud covered the tabernacle]” (Numbers 9:15);120The cloud symbolized God’s Presence resting on the Tabernacle. He was “charmed” by the people’s generosity in donating toward the building of the Tabernacle. In rabbinic Hebrew donating generously can be referred to as donating “with a good eye.” “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes. Some say [the verse is referring to] the women of the generation of the wilderness, who were upright. When they encountered that incident they paused, considered the matter, and did not give any of their nose rings for the incident of the Golden Calf. When they heard that they were forbidden to their husbands they immediately locked their doors.121When they heard about the laws of family purity, according to which there are times when a woman is forbidden to her husband, they accepted these laws immediately and refused to have relations with their husbands during those times.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] with the scouts, but you gave Me two hearts. These are Joshua and Caleb, as it is stated: “Except Caleb son of Yefuneh the Kenizite, and Joshua son of Nun…” (Numbers 32:12). “With one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] in the Shitim, but you gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – this is Pinḥas, as it is stated: “Pinḥas stood up to carry out judgment.… and it was considered righteousness for him” (Psalms 106:30–31). “With one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses.
“You have charmed me [libavtini],118This word is spelled in Hebrew with the letter bet doubled, which is expounded as an allusion to two hearts [levavot]: the good inclination and the evil inclination. my sister, my bride; you have charmed me” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev]119The Sages refer to a person as having two hearts due to the capacity one has to do good or evil. When acting properly, one is referring to as serving God with both of one’s hearts. When sinning, one is referred to as serving God with only one heart while rebelling against God with one’s other heart. in Egypt, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – with the blood of the paschal offering and the blood of circumcision; “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] at the sea, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – as you stood before Me on Mount Sinai and said: “Everything that God spoke we will perform and we will heed” (Exodus 24:7); “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini]” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] in the wilderness, but you [eventually] gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – with the establishment of the Tabernacle, as it is stated: “On the day the Tabernacle was established, [the cloud covered the tabernacle]” (Numbers 9:15);120The cloud symbolized God’s Presence resting on the Tabernacle. He was “charmed” by the people’s generosity in donating toward the building of the Tabernacle. In rabbinic Hebrew donating generously can be referred to as donating “with a good eye.” “with one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes. Some say [the verse is referring to] the women of the generation of the wilderness, who were upright. When they encountered that incident they paused, considered the matter, and did not give any of their nose rings for the incident of the Golden Calf. When they heard that they were forbidden to their husbands they immediately locked their doors.121When they heard about the laws of family purity, according to which there are times when a woman is forbidden to her husband, they accepted these laws immediately and refused to have relations with their husbands during those times.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] with the scouts, but you gave Me two hearts. These are Joshua and Caleb, as it is stated: “Except Caleb son of Yefuneh the Kenizite, and Joshua son of Nun…” (Numbers 32:12). “With one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses, who was the most outstanding and mighty among your tribes.
Another matter: “You have charmed me [libavtini], my sister, my bride” – the Holy One blessed be He said: You had one heart [lev] in the Shitim, but you gave Me two hearts. “You have charmed me with one of your eyes” – this is Pinḥas, as it is stated: “Pinḥas stood up to carry out judgment.… and it was considered righteousness for him” (Psalms 106:30–31). “With one bead of your necklace” – this is Moses.
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Sifra
14) (Vayikra 9:1): "And it was on the eighth day": the eighth day of the consecration of Aaron and his sons. — But perhaps the eighth day of the month is being referred to! — (This cannot be, for) it is written (Shemoth 40:17): "And it was in the first month of the second year on the first of the month that the mishkan was set up" — whereby we are taught that the mishkan was set up on Rosh Chodesh (Nissan). I might think that it was set up on Rosh Chodesh and the shechinah reposed upon it on the eighth of the month; it is, therefore, written (Bamidbar 9:15): "And on the day that the mishkan was erected, the cloud covered the mishkan) — whereby we are taught that on the very day that the mishkan was set up the shechinah reposed on the handiwork of Aaron. For all of the (first) seven days of the miluim Moses served (as high-priest) and the shechinah did not repose (there) through him — until Aaron came (on the eighth day) and ministered in the vestments of the high-priesthood and the shechinah reposed (there) through him, as it is written thereof (Vayikra 9:4): "For today the L–rd will appear to you."
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