Comentario sobre Números 25:3
וַיִּצָּ֥מֶד יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Y allegóse el pueblo á Baal-peor; y el furor de SEÑOR se encendió contra Israel.
Rashi on Numbers
פעור — It was so named because they bared (פער) their anus and relieved themselves before it: this was its ceremonial rite (Sanhedrin 60b).
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Rashbam on Numbers
ויחר אף, the pestilence being proof of G’d’s anger.
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Rabbeinu Bahya
ויצמד ישראל לבעל פעור, “Thus Israel attached itself to Baal-peor.” The word ויצמד is from the same root as צמד בקר, “a yoke of oxen.” The meaning of the expression is that man and woman coupled together. There is a difference in meaning between the expression הצמדה and דבקות, although both express a state of togetherness, union, almost. הצמדה is a less intimate relationship, a looser coupling than דבקות. If the Torah had written here וידבק ישראל לבעל פעור, G’d forbid, this would have been such a grave sin that it could not have been repaired. This consideration is also reflected in the sages saying in Sanhedrin 64 that whereas the attachment of the Israelites to the deity בעל פעור was comparable to a lid over a pot, the attachment of the Israelites to their G’d (Deut. 4,4) is described as ואתם הדבקים בה' אלוקיכם, “you who cleave to the Lord your G’d,” i.e. a far closer attachment than that of the lid to the pot. The term דבקות when applied to two entities implies that they are so alike and clinging to each other as to be interchangeable. According to a Baraita the term ויצמד is related to צמידים — a bracelet worn by a woman (worn loosely but not attached to the body), while ואתם הדבקים indicates a tight bond.
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Siftei Chakhamim
Because they bared [their buttocks] before it. Meaning that פעור ["Pe’or"] is an expression of opening and revealing; for they would reveal their anus and relieve themselves.
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Rav Hirsch on Torah
V. 3. ויצמד וגו׳. Es gab verschiedene בעלים, vergötterte Gewalten. So einen בעל צפון, einen Mitternachtgott der Wüste (Schmot 14, 1). Dem gegenüber einen בעל מעון (32, 38) einen Gott der Wohnstätten und einen בעל ברית (Richter 8, 33) des Zusammenhaltens der Menschen. Es gab auch einen בעל זבוב (Kön. II, 1) einen Fliegengott, wahrscheinlich einen Gott der Fäulnis, vergl. זבובי מות (Pred. 10, 1), den man in Krankheiten über Leben und Tod interpellierte, und es gab auch einen בעל פעור, einen Gott der Schamlosigkeit, dem durch scheulose Hervorkehrung des Viehischsten gehuldigt wurde. Daher Hosea 9, 10 באו בעל פעור וינזרו לבשת, sie kommen nach Baalpeor und "weihten sich der Schande." — ”צמד“ siehe Kap. 19, 15. Der Peorkult ist eine Illustration jenes Darwinismus, der seinen Triumph darin feiert, dass der Mensch zum Tier hinabsteigt und sich seines göttlichen Adels entkleidet, sich nur als ein höheres "Vieh" begreifen lernt. ויחר אף וגו׳. Damit war aber die allererste Vorbedingung in Israel vernichtet, auf welcher seine Zukunft vor Gott beruht. Es war damit Gottes Zorn wider Israel hervorgerufen, der das Leben der unwürdig Gewordenen mit Vernichtung "trifft" und מגפה (vergl. Kap. 17, 11 u. 12).
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Rashi on Numbers
ויחר אף ה' בישראל AND THE ANGER OF THE LORD WAS KINDLED AGAINST ISRAEL — he sent a plague among them (cf. v. 8).
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Siftei Chakhamim
He sent a plague on them. As it is written shortly (v. 8), “And the plague stopped,” implying that He had sent a plague upon them.
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