Midrash sobre Exodo 16:28

(Fol. 10b) Our Rabbis were taught: A year can not be intercalated, (fol. 11) except by those who are invited for it by the Nassi. It happened that Rabban Gamaliel invited seven persons for the morrow in his attic, [for an intercalory purpose], and on the morrow when he came and found eight, he said: "He who was not invited shall leave." Samuel the Junior, then arose and said: "I am the one who was not invited. I came here, however, not to take part in the intercalation, but to get experience in the practice of this ceremony." "Sit down, my son, sit down," responded Rabban Gamaliel, "all the years which have to be intercalated might have been done by you, but so was the decision of the sages, that intercalation must be done only by the persons who were invited." In reality, the one not invited was not Samuel the Junior, but another person. Samuel, however, did so only to ward off disgrace from his colleagues. Similar to this it happened once when Rabbi was lecturing that he perceived the odor of garlic, and he said: "He who has eaten garlic shall leave." R. Chiya then arose and left the place, and every one, seeing R. Chiya leaving, did the same. On the morrow, R. Simon, the son of Rabbi, met R. Chiya, and questioned him: "Was it you who disturbed my father yesterday?" [having eaten garlic]. And he answered: "God forfid, [to think so]. Such a thing should not happen in Israel." [I merely did it to ward off the disgrace from some one else]. And from whom did R. Chiya learn this? From R. Maier, as we are taught in the following Baraitha: The following incident took place with a woman who came to the college of R. Maier, saying: "One of you has betrothed me, but I do not know who it was." Then R. Maier arose and wrote her a divorce, and handed it to her; and after him, all the scholars in the college did likewise. And from whom did R. Maier learn this? From Samuel the Junior, [as above] and Samuel the Junior from Shechanyah b. Yechiel, who said to Ezra (Ezra 10, 2) We [including himself] have broken faith with our God, and have married foreign women of the peoples of the land; yet now there is hope for Israel concerning this thing. And from whom did Shechanyah learn this? From Joshua b. Nun, of whom it is written (Josh. 7, 10) Get thee up; wherefore liest thou upon thy face? Israel hath sinned. Joshua then said unto Him: "Sovereign of the Universe! who sinned?" The Lord replied: "Am I then an informer? Cast thou a lot and find out." And if you wish you can say that Shechanyah learned it from Moses, of whom it is written (Ex. 16, 28) How long refuse ye [including Moses].

(Exod. 16:28): HOW LONG ('ad-'anah) WILL YOU REFUSE?
(Numb. 14:11): HOW LONG ('ad-'anah) WILL <THIS PEOPLE> SCORN ME?
(Ibid., cont.:) AND HOW LONG ('ad-'anah) WILL THEY HAVE NO FAITH IN ME?
(Numb. 14:27) HOW LONG ('ad matay) SHALL THIS EVIL CONGREGATION <BE MURMURING AGAINST ME>?

Said Raba to Rabba bar Mari: "Whence do we deduce the following people's saying: With the shrub the cabbage is smitten (the good suffer with the bad)?" He answered: "From the following verse (Jer. 2, 29) Wherefore will ye contend with me? Ye all (including the righteous) have transgressed against Me, saith the Lord." "You deduce it from this verse," said he to him, "but I deduce it from the following (Ex. 16, 28) How long refuse ye to keep My commandments," etc. (Ye includes also Moses and Aaron). Raba said again to Rabba bar Mari: "It is written (Gen. 47, 2) And from among his brothers, he took five men. Who were the five?" He replied: "Thus said R. Jochanan: Those whose names were mentioned twice in the benediction of Moses." But is not Judah's name also mentioned twice? Judah's name was mentioned twice for another purpose, as R. Samuel b. Nachmeni said in the name of R. Jonathan concerning the passage (Deut. 33, 6)

According to Rabbi Levi: If all of Israel were to keep Shabbat properly for even a single day, the Messiah ben David would come. Why? because it is equivalent to all of the commandments, as it is said (Ps. 95:7) "for He is our God, and we are the people He tends, the flock in His care. O, if you would but heed His charge this day:"