Génesis 14:9 Midrash: Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael, Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Kohelet Rabbah & Bereshit Rabbah

And all who help Israel, help, as it were, the Holy One Blessed be He, viz. (Judges 5:23) "Curse Meroz, said the angel of the L–rd. Curse bitterly its dwellers. For they came not to the aid of the L–rd, to the aid of the L–rd among the warriors." He who rises up against Your children rises up against You. And who were they (who rose up against Him?) (Genesis 14:9) "Kedarlaomer and Tidal king of Goyim, etc." (Ibid. 15) "And he (Avram) deployed against them at night, he and his servants, and he smote them." And thus is it written (Isaiah 41:2-3) "Who roused (the exemplar of) righteousness, (i.e., Avram) from the east, summoned him to His service? … He pursues them. He passes on, unscathed." And thus is it written (Psalms 110:1-5) "This is the word of the L–rd to my master (David). Sit at My right hand until I make your foes your footstool. The sceptre of your strength will the L–rd send from Zion. Your people will offer themselves on the day of (the gathering of) your army. The L–rd has sworn and He will not retract … The L–rd is at your right hand, etc." You magnified Yourself greatly against Pharaoh and his army, viz. (Exodus 14:7) "And he (Pharaoh) took six hundred choice chariots, etc." — (Ibid. 15:4) "The chariots of Pharaoh and his host He cast into the sea."

Another interpretation (of Gen. 14:1): NOW IT CAME TO PASS IN THE DAYS OF AMRAPHEL. This text is related (to Ps. 44:6 [5]): THROUGH YOU SHALL WE PUSH DOWN OUR ADVERSARIES. THROUGH YOU means "through your Law." [R. Isaac said:] THROUGH YOU (BK) < is to be interpreted > by gematria:⁵⁶Gk.: geometria or grammateis. B = two; K = twenty. Ergo: twenty-two. < Thus, THROUGH YOU means > "through the twenty-two letters which are in the Law. (Ps. 44:6 [5], cont.:) {IN YOUR NAME SHALL YOU RAISE UP OUR BRIGHTNESS.} [AND IN YOUR NAME WE SHALL TRAMPLE DOWN THOSE WHO ARISE AGAINST US.] Abraham said: Sovereign of the World, If you had not united your glory with me and helped me, what could < I as > a single person have done against nine kings (of Gen. 14:9) and their forces? However, because you helped me they fell at my hand. What is written (in Gen. 14:15)? AND THE NIGHT WAS DIVIDED AGAINST THEM.⁵⁷Cf. Gen. R. 43:3; PRK 7:5. Masters say: The night divided of its own accord. R. Benjamin ben Jafeth said in the name of R. Johanan: The Holy One, the one who knows his moments and his instants, he divided it.⁵⁸The words used here for “moment” and “instant” are ‘et and rega‘ respectively. Although these words are generally used quite loosely, they can have more exact meanings. See TBer. 1:3 (Zuckermandel ed.): AN ‘ONAH IS ONE TWENTY-FOURTH OF AN HOUR, AN ‘ET IS ONE TWENTY-FOURTH OF AN ‘ONAH, AND A REGA’ IS ONE TWENTY-FOURTH OF AN ‘ET. R. Benjamin’s point is that only the Holy One knew enough about exact time measurements to divide the night accurately. See Mekhilta de Rabbi Ishmael, Pisha 13. The Holy One said: You have worked with me from yesterday evening until midnight and killed my enemies. By your life, I am working with your children from midnight until the morning and killing their enemies. Thus it is stated (in Exod. 12:29): AND IT CAME TO PASS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT. Therefore it is stated (in Gen. 14:1, 15): NOW IT CAME TO PASS IN THE DAYS OF AMRAPHEL … < AND THE NIGHT WAS DIVIDED AGAINST THEM >.

“This too is a grievous evil; just as he came, so he will go; and what is the advantage for him that he will toil for the wind?” (Ecclesiastes 5:15).
“This too is a grievous evil; just as he came, so he will go” – just as he came into the world eating soft foods, so he will go eating soft foods. Rabbi Pinḥas said: Just as He began the world with four kingdoms, He concluded with four kingdoms. He began with four kingdoms, as it is stated: “Kedorlaomer, king of Elam, Tidal, king of Goyim, Amrafel, king of Shinar, and Ariokh, king of Elasar” (Genesis 14:9), and concluded with four kingdoms: Babylon, Greece, Media, and Edom.
“And what is the advantage for him that he will toil for the wind?” – The Holy One blessed be He said to man: You plowed, sowed, reaped, gathered, threshed, and created a pile of grain. If I do not provide wind to winnow for you, how will you live? They give the omer as payment for that wind; that is, “What is the advantage for him that he will toil for the wind”?