וְאִשָּׁ֡ה כִּֽי־יָזוּב֩ ז֨וֹב דָּמָ֜הּ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֗ים בְּלֹא֙ עֶת־נִדָּתָ֔הּ א֥וֹ כִֽי־תָז֖וּב עַל־נִדָּתָ֑הּ כָּל־יְמֵ֞י ז֣וֹב טֻמְאָתָ֗הּ כִּימֵ֧י נִדָּתָ֛הּ תִּהְיֶ֖ה טְמֵאָ֥ה הִֽוא׃
Y la mujer, cuando siguiere el flujo de su sangre por muchos días fuera del tiempo de su costumbre, ó cuando tuviere flujo de sangre más de su costumbre; todo el tiempo del flujo de su inmundicia, será inmunda como en los días de su costumbre.
Midrash Tanchuma Buber
(Gen. 6:9:) THESE ARE THE GENERATIONS OF NOAH. [Let our master instruct us: For how many transgressions do women die at the time of their childbirth? Thus] have our masters taught (in Shab. 2:6):1Tanh., Gen. 2:1. WOMEN DIE AT THE TIME OF THEIR CHILDBIRTH FOR THREE TRANSGRESSIONS: [BECAUSE THEY HAVE NOT BEEN CAREFUL IN REGARD TO MENSTRUATION, IN REGARD TO THE HALLAH,2I.e., the priest’s share of the dough. AND IN REGARD TO THE LIGHTING OF THE < SABBATH > LAMP. These three commandments are also from the Torah.] Where is it shown about menstruation? Where it is stated (in Lev. 15:25): AND WHEN A WOMAN HAS HAD A DISCHARGE OF BLOOD. And where is it shown about the hallah? Where it is stated (in Numb. 15:20): YOU SHALL SET ASIDE THE FIRST OF YOUR DOUGH AS A HALLAH OFFERING. And where is it shown about the Sabbath lamp? Where it is stated (in Is. 58:13): AND YOU CALL THE SABBATH A DELIGHT. And why are the women charged with regard to these commandments?3Gen.R. 17:8; yShab. 2:4 (5b). Our sages have said: In the creation of the world Adam was first. Then came Eve, and she shed his blood in that he had heeded her. Thus it is stated (in Gen. 3:19): FOR DUST YOU ARE AND TO DUST YOU SHALL RETURN. The Holy One said: Let her be given the commandment of menstrual blood [so that she may have atonement] for that blood which she shed. And why the commandment of the hallah? Because Adam was the hallah of the world when she came and defiled him,4Cf. Gen. R. 14:1. the Holy One said: Let her be given the commandment of hallah so that she may have atonement for the hallah of the world, which she defiled. And where is it shown that Adam is the hallah of the world? Thus have our masters taught (in Hal. 3:1): ONCE THE WOMAN PUTS WATER into the dough, SHE IS TO REMOVE HER HALLAH. Thus did the Holy One do. R. Jose ben Qetsarta said: Once the Holy One put water on the ground, he immediately removed Adam as his hallah from the ground. Thus it says (in Gen. 2:6): BUT A MIST ('D) WENT UP FROM THE EARTH. THEN immediately (in vs. 7) THE LORD GOD FORMED < THE HUMAN ('DM) OUT OF DUST FROM THE GROUND >…. And the commandment of the lamp exists because Adam was the lamp of the Holy One, as stated (in Prov. 20:27): THE LAMP OF {GOD} [THE LORD] IS THE BREATH OF ADAM. But Eve came and extinguished it. The Holy One said: Let her be given the commandment of the lamp in order that she may have atonement for the lamp which she extinguished. Thus women have been charged with the commandments of the Sabbath lamp. The Holy One said: If you are careful with the Sabbath lamp, I also will be shining for you, as stated (in Is. 60:19): FOR THE LORD SHALL BE YOUR EVERLASTING LIGHT.
Midrash Tanchuma
These are: The duty with regard to menstruation,1A woman must remain apart from her husband during her menstrual period. for it is written: And if a woman have an issue of her blood, she shall be in her impurity seven days (Lev. 15:25); the duty of the levy of dough,2A portion of the dough, removed before baking bread, that is dedicated to God. During the Temple period it was given to the priest, but after the destruction of the Temple it was burned. for it is written: Of the first of your dough ye shall set apart a cake for a gift (Num. 15:20); and the duty of lighting the Sabbath lights, for it is written: And call the Sabbath a delight (Isa. 58:13). If one chooses to sit in darkness, the Sabbath would not then be a delight, since darkness is imposed upon those condemned to Gehenna,3Hell. One of the seven things formed two thousand years before creation. as it says: A land of thick darkness, as darkness itself (Job 10:22).
Shemot Rabbah
“It was during those many days that the king of Egypt died and the children of Israel sighed due to the work, and they cried out. Their plea rose to God due to the work” (Exodus 2:23).
“It was during those many days.” They were days of suffering; therefore, it calls them many. Similarly, “and a woman, if her flow of blood shall flow many days” (Leviticus 15:25); because they are days of suffering, it calls them many.
“The king of Egypt died.” He was afflicted with leprosy, and a leper is considered as dead, as it is stated: “Let her not be like a corpse” (Numbers 12:12),73Aaron said this when Miriam was afflicted with leprosy. and it says: “It was during the year of the death of King Uzziahu” (Isaiah 6:1).74King Uziahu was afflicted with leprosy.
“The children of Israel sighed [due to the work, and they cried out [vayizaku]].” Why did they sigh? It is because the magicians of Egypt said [to Pharaoh]: ‘Your only cure is to slaughter from among the Israelite young, one hundred and fifty in the evening and one hundred and fifty in the morning, and bathe in their blood twice a day.’ When Israel heard the harsh decree, they began groaning and lamenting. Vayizaku is nothing other than a term denoting lamentation, as it is written: “Cry out [ze’ak] and lament, son of man” (Ezekiel 21:17).
“Their plea [shavatam] rose to God.” It does not say “their outcry [tza’akatam],” but rather, their plea [shavatam], as it is stated: “And the souls of the dead plead [teshave’a]” (Job 24:12).
“God heard their moaning and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac and with Jacob” (Exodus 2:24).
“God heard their moaning [na’akatam],” the moaning of the slain, as it is said: “He will moan [vena’ak] the moans of the slain” (Ezekiel 30:24), and as it is said: “They moan [yinaku] from a populated [metim]75The term metim is expounded as though it were vocalized with a tzerei, meaning “the dead,” instead of a sheva, which is how it is vocalized in the verse. When vocalized with a sheva, it means “populated.” city” (Job 24:12).
“God remembered His covenant.” Israel was not worthy of being saved, because they were wicked, but they were redeemed because of the merit of the patriarchs. That is what is written: “God remembered His covenant.” Our Rabbis, of blessed memory, say: A miracle was performed on their behalf and [Pharaoh] was cured from his leprosy.
“It was during those many days.” They were days of suffering; therefore, it calls them many. Similarly, “and a woman, if her flow of blood shall flow many days” (Leviticus 15:25); because they are days of suffering, it calls them many.
“The king of Egypt died.” He was afflicted with leprosy, and a leper is considered as dead, as it is stated: “Let her not be like a corpse” (Numbers 12:12),73Aaron said this when Miriam was afflicted with leprosy. and it says: “It was during the year of the death of King Uzziahu” (Isaiah 6:1).74King Uziahu was afflicted with leprosy.
“The children of Israel sighed [due to the work, and they cried out [vayizaku]].” Why did they sigh? It is because the magicians of Egypt said [to Pharaoh]: ‘Your only cure is to slaughter from among the Israelite young, one hundred and fifty in the evening and one hundred and fifty in the morning, and bathe in their blood twice a day.’ When Israel heard the harsh decree, they began groaning and lamenting. Vayizaku is nothing other than a term denoting lamentation, as it is written: “Cry out [ze’ak] and lament, son of man” (Ezekiel 21:17).
“Their plea [shavatam] rose to God.” It does not say “their outcry [tza’akatam],” but rather, their plea [shavatam], as it is stated: “And the souls of the dead plead [teshave’a]” (Job 24:12).
“God heard their moaning and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac and with Jacob” (Exodus 2:24).
“God heard their moaning [na’akatam],” the moaning of the slain, as it is said: “He will moan [vena’ak] the moans of the slain” (Ezekiel 30:24), and as it is said: “They moan [yinaku] from a populated [metim]75The term metim is expounded as though it were vocalized with a tzerei, meaning “the dead,” instead of a sheva, which is how it is vocalized in the verse. When vocalized with a sheva, it means “populated.” city” (Job 24:12).
“God remembered His covenant.” Israel was not worthy of being saved, because they were wicked, but they were redeemed because of the merit of the patriarchs. That is what is written: “God remembered His covenant.” Our Rabbis, of blessed memory, say: A miracle was performed on their behalf and [Pharaoh] was cured from his leprosy.