Musar sobre Isaías 5:7

As to Solomon's using the word "vineyard," aside from the fact that all of Israel is considered a vineyard, viz. (Isaiah 5:7): "For the vineyard of the L-rd of hosts is the house of Israel," and every Jew has a portion in this vineyard— aside from this, everyone has a distinct vineyard in Gan Eden, as it is written (Koheleth 12:5): "A man goes to his eternal house." And he must take especial care with it, to plant it with pleasing growths and to guard it that it not spoil.

And if you do not understand this on your own, with your own mind, please listen to the words of Isaiah the prophet (Isaiah 5:7) - "For the vineyard of the Lord of Hosts is the House of Israel, and the seedlings of his delight are the men of Judah." The whole House of Israel is the vineyard of the Lord and the individual Jewish man is His precious [vine]. Hence the Lord delights in him - so long as he follows His path, the path of the Torah. So you too, Jewish lad, are a small vine. When we are speaking to you now, we do not know with whom we are speaking. And you also don't know who you are and who you will be, when you grow in your divine service and in your Torah. [Perhaps] you will be a tzaddik and a giant, the name of whom will spread from one end of the world to the other; or perhaps even a wealthy servant of God distinguished by Torah [knowledge] and fear [of God], a great philanthropist - good to the Heavens and good to the creations - who will be the glory of the entire Jewish people, such that every father and mother will bless their children by saying, "May the Lord make you like him." How well have we heard about many great men of Israel that were not noticed as being any greater than their friends when they were little. But when they dedicated themselves to His service, may He be blessed, they grew and succeeded. And they became ensconced forever at the head of the Jewish people; the entire House of Israel is sheltered under the shade of their Torah and their service. and we will continue to walk by their light until the advent of our messiah.

And likewise the group of destroyers of the vineyard of the Lord - such as those that cause the masses to sin - are haters of the Lord. As you would say that people that destroy the cities of the king or his vineyards and orchards are haters of the king. And it is stated (Isaiah 5:7), “For the vineyard of the Lord of Hosts Is the House of Israel, and the seedlings he lovingly tended are the men of Judah.” And it is stated (Psalms 83:4), “They plot craftily against Your people, take counsel against Your treasured ones.” And it is stated (Psalms 83:6), “Unanimous in their counsel they have made an alliance against You.” And it is stated (Psalms 2:2), “and regents intrigue together against the Lord and against His anointed.” Therefore our Rabbis, may their memory be blessed, said (Rosh Hashanah 17a) that those that sinned and cause the masses to sin descend to Gehinnom, and are judged there for generations and generations.