Comentario citado sobre Abdías 1:10

and you bring near—You bring yourselves near to dwell in the exile of Esau your brother who robs you, as it is said: (Obadiah 1:10) “From the violence of your brother Jacob.” This is the midrash of Rabbi Simon of blessed memory. [Note that this is also found in Lev. Rabbah 5:3.] Another explanation. You who despise the day of evil—You who despise the prophecy of the days of evil, which the prophets prophesy to them. and you bring near a dwelling of violence—This is as Isaiah states: (5:8) “Woe to those who join a house to a house.” You bring near dwelling in their midst one beside the other through violence.

כלי חמס מכרותיהם, “instruments of violence are their stock-in-trade.” According to Bereshit Rabbah 99,7 the arms in their hands are used to perpetrate acts of violence and have been stolen from Esau. The Midrash bases himself on Ovadiah 10, “for the outrage to your brother Jacob, disgrace shall engulf you.” [— The abuse of Yitzchak’s blessing to Esau “you will survive by your sword.” Yaakov had not attacked Esau. Ed.]

“And it shall be when you will rule [tarid], you shall break his yoke, etc.” The word tarid is unusual in Scripture and doesn’t fit well with Rashi’s interpretation, as the nature of the suffering is not explained in the text. Some interpret it as relating to dominion and rule, interpreting it as they have. But I say this is its interpretation: Isaac knew through divine inspiration that the blessing the elder shall serve the younger would only be fulfilled when Israel is meritorious. Perhaps he understood this from what was told to him two nations will separate from your innards — one to his wickedness and one to his innocence — and then the elder shall serve the younger, for the righteous one rules over the wicked one through fear of God. However, if he is not meritorious, why should he rule over him? One might think that when Israel is not meritorious, not only would the elder not serve the younger, but the elder would actually rule over the younger. Therefore, he said this is not so — rather, when the younger is meritorious and maintains his innocence, you shall serve your brother. But when you shall rule — meaning when the time comes that you will have dominion and rule over the whole world, which happens when Israel is not meritorious [for when one falls, the other rises] — then it will be enough for you to break his yoke from your neck, but nevertheless, you too will not be able to dominate him. This is why it says in Obadiah, For the violence against your brother Jacob, shame shall cover you (Obadiah 1:10), and it is written, And saviors shall ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau (Obadiah 1:21). From all this, it implies that Esau will ultimately be held accountable for having dominated Israel, as he was only given permission to break the yoke from his neck, not to dominate over Israel.

ונקם ישיב לצריו AND HE WILL RENDER VENGEANCE TO HIS ADVERSARIES for their robbery and their violence, just as it is stated, (Joel 4:19) “Egypt shall be a desolation and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah …”, and it states in another passage (Obadiah 10) “For the violence against thy brother Jacob [shame shall cover thee]” (cf. Sifrei Devarim 333:3).