וְכַרְמְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תְעוֹלֵ֔ל וּפֶ֥רֶט כַּרְמְךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְלַקֵּ֑ט לֶֽעָנִ֤י וְלַגֵּר֙ תַּעֲזֹ֣ב אֹתָ֔ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
<span class="x" onmousemove="Show('perush','Estas palabras sirvieron al Rambam como referencia al <b>124to Precepto Positivo</b>, al <b>212mo Precepto Negativo</b> y al <b>213er Precepto Negativo</b> enumerados en el Prefacio a Mishné Torá, su “Compendio de la Ley Hebrea” para todo el Pueblo de Israel.',event);" onmouseout="Close();">Y no rebuscarás tu viña, ni recogerás los granos caídos de tu viña; para el pobre y para el extranjero los dejarás</span>: Yo soy el Señor vuestro Dios.
Bartenura
הפאה ניתנת במחובר – as it is written (Leviticus 19:10): “[You shall not pick your vineyard bare, or gather the fallen fruit of your vineyard;] you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger: …],” lay it down before them and they will plunder it.
Bartenura
בית שמאי אומרים הבקר לעניים – Whomever declares something ownerless [only] for the poor but not for the rich, he has the law of ownerless, and is exempt from tithes, as it is written regarding gleaning and the corner of the field (Leviticus 19:10): “you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger.” What does the inference of “you shall leave them” teach us? It comes to teach on another kind of “leaving,” which is being ownerless, which is like this, just as this is for the poor but not the rich, even this, which is said in another place, is for the poor and not the rich.
Bartenura
מוריד ומחלק – as it is written (Leviticus 19:10): “you shall leave them [for the poor and the stranger…],”those which have no danger you leave before them, and if you do not leave them when there is a danger ascending [to get] them, but one brings them down from the tree and distributes it to them.
Rashi
Do not Ephraim's underripened gleanings surpass. The gleanings1 עוֹלְלוֹת are underripened grapes which may not be harvested, but must be left to be gleaned afterward by the poor. (Vayikra, 19:10) Gidon compared his original battle with the Midyonites to the harvest, and the ensuing execution of Orev and Z’ev to the gleaning of the עוֹלְלוֹת. which you acquired at the end surpass the early harvest which my family and I gathered, for Adonoy delivered the kings into your hands.