לֹא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֖וֶל בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט בַּמִּדָּ֕ה בַּמִּשְׁקָ֖ל וּבַמְּשׂוּרָֽה׃
<span class="x" onmousemove="Show('perush','Este es el <b>271er Precepto Negativo</b> enumerado por el Rambam en el Prefacio a Mishné Torá, su “Compendio de la Ley Hebrea” para todo el Pueblo de Israel.',event);" onmouseout="Close();">No hagáis agravio en juicio, en medida</span> de tierra, ni en peso, ni en otra medida.
English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
The wholesaler must clean out his measures once every thirty days and the householder once every twelve months. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says: “The rule is just the opposite.”
The shopkeeper must clean out his measures twice in the week and polish his weights once a week and clean out his scales after every weighing.
Mishnah ten deals with the proper maintenance of weights and measures to ensure that the purchaser does not receive less than he bought.
The Torah (Leviticus 19:35-36) forbids falsifying weights and commands a person to keep properly weighed and maintained weights and measures. Our mishnah is concerned with the proper maintenance of weights and measures. According to the anonymous opinion in section one, a wholesaler who uses his measures frequently must clean them out once every thirty days. This is to prevent the buildup on the sides of the containers which will reduce the amount purchased. A householder, who uses his measure less frequently, need clean them out only once a year. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel holds that the opposite is true. According to him the more frequently one uses the measures, the less buildup will accumulate. Therefore, a householder must clean them out once every thirty days and a wholesaler only once a year. A shopkeeper, who uses his weights frequently, must clean them out twice a week. In addition he must once a week polish his weights so that they don’t grow heavier and clean out his scales after every use so that they don’t accumulate buildup.
The shopkeeper must clean out his measures twice in the week and polish his weights once a week and clean out his scales after every weighing.
Mishnah ten deals with the proper maintenance of weights and measures to ensure that the purchaser does not receive less than he bought.
The Torah (Leviticus 19:35-36) forbids falsifying weights and commands a person to keep properly weighed and maintained weights and measures. Our mishnah is concerned with the proper maintenance of weights and measures. According to the anonymous opinion in section one, a wholesaler who uses his measures frequently must clean them out once every thirty days. This is to prevent the buildup on the sides of the containers which will reduce the amount purchased. A householder, who uses his measure less frequently, need clean them out only once a year. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel holds that the opposite is true. According to him the more frequently one uses the measures, the less buildup will accumulate. Therefore, a householder must clean them out once every thirty days and a wholesaler only once a year. A shopkeeper, who uses his weights frequently, must clean them out twice a week. In addition he must once a week polish his weights so that they don’t grow heavier and clean out his scales after every use so that they don’t accumulate buildup.
Kli Yakar
You shall not commit a wrong in judgment. This language is also used at the end of the section: You shall not commit a wrong in judgment, in measurement, in weight, or in volume (Leviticus 19:35). It appears that the explanation for both is the same, namely that one should not commit a wrong that is in truth and justice, meaning that the action itself is just and righteous, and logic dictates that it should be so, yet the matter is still a wrong. And how is this so? This is what [the Torah] clarifies when it states: Do not show favoritism to a poor person (Leviticus 19:15). Rashi explains: “Do not say, ‘This person is poor and the rich person is obligated to support him, so I will rule in his favor, thus enabling him to be supported in a dignified manner.’” This matter is truly proper and obligatory, since certainly the rich person is obligated to support the poor person, and thus the matter is just. Nonetheless, it is still a wrong in judgment because the word in judgment restricts the context; it means that in another context it would not be a wrong, since certainly the rich person is obligated to support the poor person, and one may extract from the rich person enough for the poor person’s sustenance. But in the context of judgment, it is a wrong, since one should not alter the course of justice for this reason. Rather, justice should follow its proper course, and at another time, the rich person should be obligated to support [the poor person]. Similarly, in the nearby matter of measurement and weight, a person might act in judgment and yet the matter is a wrong. How so? There are people who reduce their measure and sell at a lower price than others in order to attract customers, who think they are selling at a discount, not realizing that the measure has been reduced. And in truth, they are acting in judgment because they are not robbing people of anything, yet it is still a wrong since they are doing this deceptively and causing others to lose customers. All similar cases that have an aspect of justice and an aspect of wrong are included in this prohibition.
Ibn Ezra
שורה According to some, good; according to others, with measure; comp. במשורה with the measure (Lev. 19:35), and this is right.