Números 15:21 Referencias del Talmud: Jerusalem Talmud Challah, Jerusalem Talmud Terumot, Jerusalem Talmud Pesachim & Jerusalem Talmud Maaser Sheni

HALAKHAH: ⁶This and the next paragraphs are also in Pesaḥim 2:4 (fol. 29b).“Five kinds are subject to ḥallah”, etc. It is written (Num. 15:19): “It shall be when you eat of the bread of the Land you shall lift a heave⁷This is ḥallah which follows the rules of heave. for the Eternal.” I could think that everything⁸Since לחם can also mean “food”, cf. Gen. 47:12. is subject to ḥallah; the verse says “of the bread” and not all bread. If “of the bread” and not all bread, that might be only wheat and barley⁹Since bread is usually made from these.. From where spelt, foxtail, and oats? The verse says (Num. 15:20,21) “the first of your dough,¹⁰The expression is emphasized by repetition. One has to include every grain usable for making dough.” this includes. Does it include everything¹¹According to this argument, rice and millet for example should also be included.? Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Simeon¹²This must be R. Simeon ben Laqish. R. Yose asserts that R. Ismael accepted the inference as valid; “dough” includes every bread-dough made from grains similar to the bread grains wheat and barley.: Rebbi Ismael stated this.

Rebbi Abbahu said, all our days we were groping about this as with a blind man’s stick until we learned it from mathematical computation. How much is in a qab? 24 eggs⁴³This is standard; a qab is 6 log and a log 4 eggs. The same division is accepted in the Babli.. How much is in a seah? 96 eggs⁴⁴This is nonstandard; the seah in all other places is 6 qab, here it is 4. The seah here must be the Roman modius which is 16 sextarii, and the sextarius is the log since Mishnah Kelim 17:11 identifies the רביעית, the fourth part of the log, with the Roman quartarius, the fourth part of the sextarius. {In Babli Erubin 83a, a modius is estimated as the volume of 217 eggs. Current practice follows the Yerushalmi here.} The amount of pure ḥallah to be given from 96 eggs would be the volume of 4 eggs. But since the verse (Num. 15:21) reads: “From the beginning of your dough you shall give …” the dough made for ḥallah cannot be exactly the volume of four eggs since something profane must be left over.. One sixth of it are 16 eggs. If he makes a dough of six, it contains an impure egg⁴⁵It is assumed that the flour was thoroughly mixed and homogenized. Since 6 = 96/16, a dough in the volume of 6 eggs contains exactly 1 egg of impure flour and is impure.. If he makes from four, nothing is left. What does he do? He makes a dough from five and takes four.

Rebbi Immi in the name of Rebbi Yannai: A Tiberian qab is obligated for ḥallah⁷⁴Which is larger than the standard qab of the Mishnah. Mishnah Idiut 1:2 states that originally the amount was fixed at 1.5 qab. Tosephta Idiut 1:2 reads: “The Sages estimated 7 + something qabim which are 5 quarters in Sepphoris or 1.5 qab in Jerusalem.” According to Rashi (Pesaḥim 48b), Maimonides and R. Abraham ben David (Idiut 1:2) the argument is the following: Since Num. 15:21–21 speaks about “the beginning of your doughs,” the reference is to the size of the doughs made in the desert, which was 1 ‘omer of manna. The ‘omer is defined in Ex. 16:36 as a tenth of an ephah which is 3 seah or 18 qab, 72 quarter qabim. This makes the ‘omer 7.2 biblical quarter qabim. The Jerusalem small measure is defined as 1/6 larger than the biblical, the Sepphoris 1/6 larger than the Jerusalem. This makes the ephah 60 Jerusalem quarters and 50 Sepphoris ones and the amount subject to ḥallah is 7.2 biblical quarters = 6 Jerusalem quarters = 5 Sepphoris quarters.
Maimonides defines the qab(Sepphoris) as 4×4×10.8 digits. The digit is 1/24 of a cubit normally taken to be 55 cm; this makes the qab 2101 cm³ = 2.1 liter and the amount of dry flour so that a dough made from it should be subject to ḥallah equal to 2.65 liter. A Jerusalem qab would then be 2.52 liter and it is possible that the Tiberian measure was equal to the Jerusalem one and R. Yannai’s statement errs on the side of caution, in the spirit of the last sentence of this paragraph.. A maker of fried food asked Rebbi Joḥanan: He said, go, make four, and separate⁷⁵Make batches of 4 quarters of dough and separate the batches so they will never touch. Since fried dough is not subject to ḥallah by biblical law, it is preferable to prepare the dough so the question of ḥallah should never arise.. Could he say to him, three and separate⁷⁶Why did he say “make four” without saying what he meant? Could it be four qabim or three qabim or maybe three quarters of a qab?? Rebbi Zeïra said, in their places, qabim in their places are measured by quarters⁷⁷In his place, the qab was never used as a commercial measure; the standard was the quarter of about 0.5 liter.. Could he have said to him five minus a little bit? That there should not be any doubt of obligation of ḥallah.