כִּֽי־יִקַּ֥ח אִישׁ֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲדָשָׁ֔ה לֹ֤א יֵצֵא֙ בַּצָּבָ֔א וְלֹא־יַעֲבֹ֥ר עָלָ֖יו לְכָל־דָּבָ֑ר נָקִ֞י יִהְיֶ֤ה לְבֵיתוֹ֙ שָׁנָ֣ה אֶחָ֔ת וְשִׂמַּ֖ח אֶת־אִשְׁתּ֥וֹ אֲשֶׁר־לָקָֽח׃ (ס)
Si quelqu’un a pris nouvellement femme, il sera dispensé de se rendre à l’armée, et on ne lui imposera aucune corvée: il pourra vaquer librement à son intérieur pendant un an, et rendre heureuse la femme qu’il a épousée.
Rashi
אשה חדשה [WHEN A MAN HATH TAKEN] A NEW WIFE [HE SHALL NOT GO OUT TO THE HOST] — i.e., one that is new to him, even though she be a widow; but it excludes the case of one who re-marries his divorced wife (Sifrei Devarim 271:1; Sotah 44a; cf., however, Targum Jonathan).
Chizkuni
ולא יעבור עליו, “and no summons to explain himself in the court applies to him;” he fill not be fined.
Da'at Zekenim
נקי יהיה לביתו, “he is to be free to attend to the affairs of his house hold;” Rashi interprets the line as “also for the affairs of his household.” The word יהיה is added, to mean that he is also to attend to his vineyard. It seems to me (the author) that this does not change the meaning of the line as tending to one’s source of income is included in tending to the affairs of one’s household. (Compare the Talmud, tractate Sotah folio 43 where the expression: נקי לביתו, is used more generally.) The person so described cannot even be called upon to perform work such as repairing roads etc, behind the front lines.
Rabbeinu Bahya
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Disponible uniquement pour les membres PremiumRashi
ולא יעבר lit., NEITHER SHALL PASS UPON HIM (i.e., be obligatory upon him) any army matter,