Le Lévitique 26:21 Commentaire : Tze'enah Ure'enah, Rashi, Or HaChaim & Rashbam

“If you remain hostile toward Me” [26:21]. When the Holy One gives a person wealth, he should think that the Holy One did this, and should not say that this happened accidentally. He should say that this is a grace from the Holy One, and should not say that it is because of his merit and good deeds. Similarly, when a person has troubles, he should recognize his sins. If he will attribute it to happenstance and accident, then the Holy One will send him more troubles like these upon him.⁹Bahya, Leviticus, 26:21.

ואם תלכו עמי קרי — Our Rabbis said (Sifra, Bechukotai, Chapter 5 5): this word signifies “irregularly”, “by chance” (מקרה), which is a thing that happens only occasionally; thus this means: if you will follow the commandments irregularly. Menachem explains it as an expression for “refraining”. Similar is, (Proverbs 25:17) “Refrain (הוקר) thy foot [from thy neighbour’s house]”; (Proverbs 17:27) “of a refraining (יקר) spirit”. This meaning approximates to the translation given by Onkelos which is a term denoting “stubbornness” (קושי) — that they harden their hearts so as to refrain from coming near unto Me.

ואם תלכו עמי קרי, "and if you walk contrary unto Me, etc." Inasmuch as the afflictions which have been visited upon the Jewish people are clearly the hand of G'd, their failure to react is described as walking contrary to G'd.

שבע כחטאתיכם SEVEN ACCORDING TO YOUR SINS — i. e. seven other punishments. These words mean: I will bring upon you more plagues (ויספתי עליכם מכה) in number, seven, corresponding to your sins (Sifra, Bechukotai, Chapter 5 5).