Pensée juive sur L’Exode 32:17

They are: 1) Favourable external conditions, commonly called mazzal) Expertise by those engaged in the project. 3) Command of the theory underlying the project. 4) Divine assistance in overcoming human inadequacy. 5) Outstanding moral and intellectual stature, which freely translated means "Divine inspiration." Since Moses possessed all these qualities, even if he was deemed to have erected the tabernacle, "the tabernacle was erected by itself," i.e. no human effort by itself would have sufficed, not even that of Moses.

The matter involving the "nobles" deserves to be explained in a constructive fashion, as some of our sages have done. (6) The people included in the list of those who "ascended," namely Moses, Aaron, Nadav, Avihu and the elders, had attained a level of insight into the workings of the Divine mind and His entourage which had not been attained by others. They could perceive that all the galaxies are merely tools of the Almighty. Their "vision," i.e. insight, is described as va-yeche-zu, a lower level of insight than va-yir-oo. The former viewed elokey yisrael, the nobles merely elokim, a far more general, less specific kind of understanding. The livnat ha-sappir, the sapphire brick, represents a figment of purity closer to the unity of G-d than even the highest galgalim, planets, galaxies. It is an insight similar to the one described by Ezekiel 1, even sappir. This is discussed in greater detail in chapter thirty one. (7) "G-d did not stretch out His hand" (24,11) means that G-d did not extend the gift of prophecy to the other numerous high ranking persons among the people. The description of “they ate and drank," refers back to the consumption of the peace offerings mentioned earlier in the passage. (4) After that came the call to Moses alone to ascend the mountain and meet with G-d. Joshua kept watch at the site from which Moses had ascended outside the encampment. Therefore, when Moses descended, the Torah says "Joshua heard the sound of the people acting wildly." (Exodus 32, 17) (8) Moses had instructed the elders to judge during his absence, and to refer difficult decisions to Aaron and Chur. The Mountain had been enveloped in cloud for six days to allow Moses preparation for his meeting with G-d. Our sages say that such preparation of six days is mandatory for someone who meets with the Shechinah. Not that there were specific impediments on Moses’s side that had to be overcome. No charadah, trembling is mentioned, such as was the case with the people. As soon as G-d called to Moses on the seventh day, the Presence of G-d manifested itself as a consuming fire. The forty days include the six days Moses had prepared himself to be addressed by G-d.