וַיָּשָׁב֩ אֶל־אִ֨ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים ה֣וּא וְכָֽל־מַחֲנֵ֗הוּ וַיָּבֹא֮ וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד לְפָנָיו֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־נָ֤א יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּכָל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֖י אִם־בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעַתָּ֛ה קַח־נָ֥א בְרָכָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ת עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃
Il s’en retourna chez l’homme de Dieu avec toute sa suite; arrivé, il se présenta devant lui et dit: "Ah! Certes, je reconnais qu’il n’y a point de dieu sur toute la terre, si ce n’est en Israël! Et maintenant, de grâce, accepte un présent de ton serviteur."
Devarim Rabbah
What is written prior to the matter? “You shall know this day, and restore to your heart” (Deuteronomy 4:39) – Rabbi Meir said: The Holy One blessed be He said: You and your heart know the actions that you performed, and that the suffering that I brought upon you did not correspond to [the severity of] your actions.
Another matter: “That the Lord, He is the God” – the Rabbis said: Yitro ascribed substance to idol worship, as it is stated: “Now I know that the Lord is greater than all the gods” (Exodus 18:11).60The implication of this statement is that there are other gods (Etz Yosef). Naaman partially acknowledged, as it is stated: “Behold, now I know that there is no God in all the earth, except in Israel” (II Kings 5:15).61Naaman acknowledged that there are no other gods on earth, but did not specify that there are no other gods in Heaven (Etz Yosef). Raḥav placed Him in Heaven and on earth,62She acknowledged that there is only one God in Heaven and on earth. as it is stated: “Because the Lord your God, He is God in Heaven above and on earth below” (Joshua 2:11). Moses placed Him even in the empty space of the world, as it is stated: “That the Lord, He is the God in Heaven above and upon earth below; there is no other.” What is, “there is no other”? Even in the empty space of the world.
Rabbi Hoshaya said: The Holy One blessed be He said: “Give her from the fruit of her hands” (Proverbs 31:31) – you [Moses] attested in My regard: “There is no other”; I too attest in your regard: “There has not risen another prophet in Israel like Moses” (Deuteronomy 34:10). What is written? “So that it will be good for you, and you will extend your days” (Deuteronomy 22:7). Israel said before the Holy One blessed be He: ‘Master of the universe, is this extended days? A person kills a person unwittingly, the blood redeemer pursues him to kill him, and everyone dies before his time.’ The Holy One blessed be He said to Moses: ‘As you live, they are speaking correctly. Go and designate cities of refuge for them,’ as it is stated: “Then, Moses designated.”
Another matter: “That the Lord, He is the God” – the Rabbis said: Yitro ascribed substance to idol worship, as it is stated: “Now I know that the Lord is greater than all the gods” (Exodus 18:11).60The implication of this statement is that there are other gods (Etz Yosef). Naaman partially acknowledged, as it is stated: “Behold, now I know that there is no God in all the earth, except in Israel” (II Kings 5:15).61Naaman acknowledged that there are no other gods on earth, but did not specify that there are no other gods in Heaven (Etz Yosef). Raḥav placed Him in Heaven and on earth,62She acknowledged that there is only one God in Heaven and on earth. as it is stated: “Because the Lord your God, He is God in Heaven above and on earth below” (Joshua 2:11). Moses placed Him even in the empty space of the world, as it is stated: “That the Lord, He is the God in Heaven above and upon earth below; there is no other.” What is, “there is no other”? Even in the empty space of the world.
Rabbi Hoshaya said: The Holy One blessed be He said: “Give her from the fruit of her hands” (Proverbs 31:31) – you [Moses] attested in My regard: “There is no other”; I too attest in your regard: “There has not risen another prophet in Israel like Moses” (Deuteronomy 34:10). What is written? “So that it will be good for you, and you will extend your days” (Deuteronomy 22:7). Israel said before the Holy One blessed be He: ‘Master of the universe, is this extended days? A person kills a person unwittingly, the blood redeemer pursues him to kill him, and everyone dies before his time.’ The Holy One blessed be He said to Moses: ‘As you live, they are speaking correctly. Go and designate cities of refuge for them,’ as it is stated: “Then, Moses designated.”
Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael
"than all the gods": They said: There was no idolatry in the world that Yithro did not come across and did not worship, viz.: "than all the gods. And Na'aman was even more conceding in this regard than he, viz. (II Kings 5:15) "Now I know that there is no G–d in all the land, but only in Israel." And thus, Rachav the harlot (Joshua 2:11) "for the L–rd your G–d is the G–d in the heavens above and on the earth below."