Les Proverbes 3:9 Références du Talmud : Jerusalem Talmud Peah, Jerusalem Talmud Kiddushin & Jerusalem Talmud Ketubot

“Works of kindness.⁵⁸Quote from the Mishnah, introduction of the next subject.” That means with his person⁵Charity has two aspects: one is giving money and valuables to the needy; this has no explicit lower and upper limit, but it does have rabbinic limits in both directions. This, in addition to the laws of Peah, is one of the topics of the tractate. The other aspect is giving one’s time to attend funerals, weddings, visiting the sick and mourners, to work for the public good, and similar deeds. That aspect has no limits, upper or lower, expressed anywhere.. But with his money it has a measure. This parallels what Rebbi Simeon bar Laqish said in the name of Rebbi Jehudah ben Ḥanina⁵⁹An Israeli Amora of the first generation. All his known statements were transmitted by R. Simeon bar Laqish. [In the Babli, the Amora is Rebbi Illaï, i. e., R. La who was mentioned earlier in this Halakha, a student of R. Simeon ben Laqish.]: They voted at Usha⁶⁰Usha in lower Galilee was the place of residence of R. Jehudah bar Illaï who, through his good relations with the Roman authorities, obtained permission for the reconstitution of the Synhedrion. This decree must have been one of the first acts of the new Synhedrion; it is explained later that the formal decree was only a formalization or reaffirmation of earlier practice. that a person may give a fifth of his property for good deeds. How far down? Rebbi Gamliel bar Ininia⁶¹A Galilean Amora of the third generation, student of R. Mana I. and Rebbi Abba bar Cahana; one said corresponding to terumah and the terumah of the tithe⁶²Terumah gedolah has to be given by estimate, not by measure (Terumot 1:7). A generous farmer will give one part in forty (2.5%), the average person one in fifty (2%), the stingy person one in sixty (1 2/3%) (Terumot 4:3). The terumah of the tithe has to be given exactly as 1%. Hence, the minimal amount of charity one is obliged to give from his gross income varies between 2.67% and 3.5%, with 3% recommended., the other said (Prov. 3:9): “Honor the Eternal with your property and with the first of all your yield;” corresponding to the first of all your yield⁶³Terumah gedolah is called “first of your grain and oil” in Deut. 18:4; in this opinion one is only required to spend for charity the 2% of his gross earnings equivalent to terumah gedolah..

It¹¹⁴The exact parallel is in Sifra Qedoshim 2–7; an almost identical quote is in Babli Qidddushin 30b. is said (Lev. 19:3): “Everybody must fear his mother and his father,” and it is said (Deut. 6:13): “You must fear the Eternal, your God, and serve Him.” This brackets the fear of father and mother with the fear of Heaven. It is said (Ex. 20:12): “Honor your father and your mother,” and it is said (Prov. 3:9): “Honor the Eternal with your property.” This brackets the honor of father and mother with the honor of the Omnipresent. Is is said (Ex. 21:17): “He who curses his father or his mother shall be put to death,” and it is said (Lev. 24:19): “Everybody who curses his God must bear his sin.” This brackets cursing father and mother with cursing the Omnipresent. It is impossible to speak about hitting relative to the Deity¹¹⁵It is written (Ex. 21:15): “He who hits his father or mother must be put to death.” This law cannot have a parallel in relation to the Deity.. All this is logical since all three of them are partners in his creation¹¹⁶Since father and mother contribute the animal part of his being and God gives soul, spirit, and life (Babli Niddah 31a)..

The words of Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba disagree¹²⁵The text of the first sentence is that of the parallel Qiddušin 1:7, fol. 61b. R. Ḥiyya bar Abba disagrees with the words of Huna bar Ḥiyya that all the children have to give to their parents is their time and attention but not their money., for Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said that Rebbi Yudan, son of Rebbi Simeon bar Ioḥai’s daughter¹²⁶He is not mentioned anywhere else in the Talmud., stated that Rebbi Simeon bar Ioḥai stated: Honoring father and mother is great because the Holy One, praise to Him, preferred it over His own honor. It is said (Ex. 20:12): “Honor your father and your mother,” and it is said (Prov. 3:9): “Honor the Eternal with your property.” When do you start to honor Him? When He was gracious to you! One gives gleanings, forgotten sheaves, and peah, one gives terumah, the First and Second Tithes¹²⁷The Second Tithe is not for the poor but for one’s own family, to be eaten in Jerusalem. It is supposed that at any family festival one also lets the poor eat from the festive meal. The Second Tithe is due in years 1,2,4,5 of the shemiṭṭah cycle, the tithe for the poor in years 3,6. and the tithe for the poor, ḥallah, one makes a sukkah,lulav, and shofar,tefillin and ẓiẓit, one feeds the poor and hungry and gives to drink to the thirsty. If you have the wherewhithal, you are obliged for all of these; if you have nothing, you are not obliged even for one of them. But when it comes to honoring father and mother, whether you own property or you do not own property, you must honor father and mother, even if you are a beggar at people’s doors¹²⁸Who takes charity instead of giving it.