פירוש על במדבר 15:11

או לשה גו׳ [THUS SHALL IT BE DONE FOR ONE OX …] OR FOR A YOUNG SHEEP שה בכבשים או בעזים — i.e. whether it (the שה) be of the lambs or whether it be of the goats. כֶּבֶשׂ and שֶׂה are the names given to sheep or goats within their first year., אַיִל is [the name given] from the age of thirteen months and one day (Mishnah Parah 1:3).

V. 11. מיעוטו מעכב את רובו :ככה ,ככה יעשה וגו׳, die hier bestimmten Maße sind präzise einzuhalten, das mindeste, das fehlt, macht das vorhandene Meiste untauglich (Menachot 27a). Ebenso darf nicht zu viel sein, ריבה שמנה חיסר שמנה פסולה (daselbst 11a). לשור האחד: beim שור ist hinsichtlich der נסכים kein Unterschied zwischen עגל und פר, seine Bedeutung liegt im Gattungscharakter. או לשה וגו׳, außer איל ist bei כבשים und עזים kein Unterschied im Alter und Geschlecht.

ככה יעשה לשור האחד, “so it shall be done for each bullock;” we learn from here that the Torah did not distinguish between the amounts used for libation offerings of young animals such as a calf, and the amounts used to accompany animals that had fully matured. (Sifri)

או לאיל האחד, “or for each ram.” Why did this detail have to be spelled out? I might have thought that seeing that the Torah had distinguished between the size of libations for one year old animals and two year old animals, and the size of the libations for three year old animals, it would similarly distinguish between the sizes of the libations for three year old animals of one type and another type, and between the males of the species or the females, therefore it equates sheep and goats i.e. the biggest of the categories known as בהמה דקה, the smaller categories of domestic beasts acceptable as sacrifices and the larger ones, known as בהמה גסה. The amounts of fine flour used in the libation offerings accompanying either animal, are identical in volume, i.e. three logs of fine flour.