תנ"ך ופרשנות
תנ"ך ופרשנות

מדרש על בראשית 28:10

Midrash Tanchuma

And Jacob went out from Beer-sheba (Gen. 28:10). May it please our master to teach us where a man who has unintentionally taken the life of another man may take refuge. Thus do our masters teach us: A man who has unintentionally killed another person may take refuge either in one of the three cities of refuge in Trans-Jordan or in one of the three cities in Canaan.1The three cities of refuge on the other side of the Jordan were Bezer in the territory of Reuben, Ramouth in the territory of Gad, and Golan in the territory of Manasseh; the cities in Canaan were Kadesh in the territory of Naphtali, Shechem in Ephraim, and Hebron in Judah. Our patriarch Jacob took refuge in Haran. He fled there because he feared that his wicked brother, Esau, would slay him. When the Holy One, blessed be He, saw that Jacob was deeply distressed, He appeared before him in a dream. R. Abahu said in the name of R. Simeon the son of Lakish: As soon as the stones beneath his head beheld the glory of the Holy One, blessed be He, they dissolved into each other and formed one stone. Whence do we know this? Before he went to sleep, Scripture states: He took stones of the place (Gen. 28:11), but after he awakened, it is written: He took the stone (ibid., v. 18).
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Midrash Tanchuma Buber

(Gen. 28:10:) AND JACOB SET OUT. This text is related (to Prov. 12:15): THE WAY OF A FOOL IS RIGHT IN HIS OWN EYES. This refers to Esau the Wicked, according to what is written above (in Gen. 28:8f): NOW ESAU SAW THAT THE DAUGHTERS OF CANAAN WERE EVIL…. SO ESAU SET OUT UNTO ISHMAEL < AND TOOK FOR A WIFE MAHALATH THE DAUGHTER OF ISHMAEL >…. He heaped trouble upon trouble. (Prov. 12:15, cont.:) BUT A WISE MAN LISTENS TO ADVICE. This refers to Jacob.1Gen. R. 67:12. Thus it is stated (in Gen. 27:42): NOW IT WAS REPORTED TO REBEKAH ABOUT THE WORDS OF HER ELDER SON ESAU (i.e., about his scheming). < SO, HAVING SENT AND CALLED FOR YOUNGER SON JACOB, SHE SAID UNTO HIM: LOOK AT YOUR BROTHER ESAU. HE IS TAKING COMFORT >…. When was he taking comfort? When he would have killed you (Jacob), as stated (ibid., cont.): HE IS TAKING COMFORT < IN SCHEMING > AGAINST YOU TO KILL YOU. (Gen. 27:43:) SO NOW, MY SON, HEED MY VOICE. What is the meaning of SO NOW, MY SON? She said to him: Yesterday you heeded me and received the blessings; now heed me in order to remain alive. He said to her: But is that the proper way? For me to set out without Daddy's knowledge? If he also tells me, I will do so. Immediately (we read in Gen. 28:1f.): SO ISAAC CALLED JACOB AND BLESSED HIM…. ARISE AND GO TO PADDAN-ARAM…. As soon as he heard that, he said to him: Give me an exiterion {i.e., travel instructions}.2The Greek word means “departing blessing.” He said to him (in vs. 3): MAY GOD ALMIGHTY BLESS YOU. Immediately (we read in vs. 7): SO JACOB HEEDED HIS FATHER AND HIS MOTHER AND WENT TO PADDAN-ARAM…. (Gen. 28:10:) AND JACOB SET OUT. Ergo (in Prov. 12:15, cont.): BUT A WISE MAN LISTENS TO ADVICE.
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Sefer HaYashar (midrash)

And Jacob prosecuted his journey toward Haran, and he reached Mount Moriah, and he ‎tarried there over night near the city of Luz.‎‏ ‏And the Lord appeared there unto Jacob that ‎night, and he said unto him: I am the Lord, the God of Abraham, thy father, and the God of ‎Isaac, the land wherein thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed; and behold I am with ‎thee and will keep thee in all places whither thou goest, and I will multiply thy seed as the stars ‎of heaven, and I will cause thy enemies to fall down before thee, and when they shall wage ‎war against thee they shall never pre vail over thee; and I will bring thee back unto this land in ‎joy and gladness, with children and with great wealth. And when Jacob awoke from his sleep ‎he was exceedingly joyful at the vision which he had seen, and he called the name of that ‎place Bethel. And Jacob arose from that place much rejoiced, and when he walked his feet felt ‎light to him for gladness, and he went thence to the land of the sons of the East, and he came ‎to Haran and seated himself by the shepherd's well; and he met there several men coming ‎from Haran to feed their sheep, and Jacob inquired of them concerning their home, and they ‎said: We are from Haran; and he said unto them: Know ye Laban, son of Nahor? and they said: ‎We know him, and behold, Rachel, his daughter, cometh with the sheep of her father. And ‎while he yet spake with them Rachel came with her father's sheep, for she was a ‎shepherdess. And Jacob saw Rachel, the daughter of Laban, his mother's brother, and he ‎kissed her and lifted up his voice and wept. And Jacob told Rachel that he was Rebekah’s son, ‎her father's sister, and Rachel ran and told it to her father. And Jacob wept exceedingly ‎because he had nothing whatsoever to bring unto the house of Laban. And when Laban heard ‎of the arrival of Jacob, his sister's son, he ran to meet him, and he embraced him, and kissed ‎him, and "brought him to his house, and he gave him meat and he ate. And Jacob told him all ‎that his brother Esau had done unto him, and what his son Eliphaz did unto him on his journey. ‎And Jacob abode at Laban's house the space of a month, eating and drinking in the house of ‎Laban. And finally Laban said unto Jacob: Tell me what shall thy wages be, for why shouldst ‎thou serve me for naught? And Laban had no sons, only daughters, and his wives and hand-‎maids were still barren in those days. And these are the names of Laban's daughters, which his ‎wife Adinah had borne unto him: the name of the oldest was Leah, and the name of the ‎youngest was Rachel. And Leah was tender eyed, but Rachel was beautiful and well favored, ‎and Jacob loved her. And Jacob said unto Laban: I will serve thee seven years for Rachel, thy ‎youngest daughter. And Laban was satisfied, and Jacob served Laban seven years for Rachel, ‎his daughter.‎
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