תלמוד על במדבר 15:19

HALAKHAH: ⁶This and the next paragraphs are also in Pesaḥim 2:4 (fol. 29b).“Five kinds are subject to ḥallah”, etc. It is written (Num. 15:19): “It shall be when you eat of the bread of the Land you shall lift a heave⁷This is ḥallah which follows the rules of heave. for the Eternal.” I could think that everything⁸Since לחם can also mean “food”, cf. Gen. 47:12. is subject to ḥallah; the verse says “of the bread” and not all bread. If “of the bread” and not all bread, that might be only wheat and barley⁹Since bread is usually made from these.. From where spelt, foxtail, and oats? The verse says (Num. 15:20,21) “the first of your dough,¹⁰The expression is emphasized by repetition. One has to include every grain usable for making dough.” this includes. Does it include everything¹¹According to this argument, rice and millet for example should also be included.? Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Simeon¹²This must be R. Simeon ben Laqish. R. Yose asserts that R. Ismael accepted the inference as valid; “dough” includes every bread-dough made from grains similar to the bread grains wheat and barley.: Rebbi Ismael stated this.

Rebbi Jonah, Rebbi Zeïra, Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish in the name of Rebbi Ismael. Rebbi Mana said, I went to Caesarea and heard Rebbi Aḥava ben Rebbi Zeïra¹⁴The son of R. Zeïra who had been a baraita teacher in his father’s academy. The father of R. Mana was R. Jonah., but my father said it in the name of Rebbi Ismael¹⁵A similar text Sifry Num. 110. As regards Passover only, Babli Pesaḥim 35a, Mekhilta deR. Ismael Bo Chap. 8, 17; Sifry Num. 146.: “Bread” is mentioned for Passover¹⁶Deut. 16:2. and “bread” is mentioned for ḥallah¹⁷Num. 15:19.. Since bread mentioned in a discussion of Passover is something that can be either maẓẓah or leavened, bread mentioned for ḥallah must be something that can be either maẓẓah or leavened. They checked and found that only the five kinds can be either maẓẓah or leavened; all others cannot be maẓẓah¹⁸Rice cakes, while unleavened, cannot be called maẓẓah since rice bread (not containing gluten) does not qualify as leavened bread. If left standing with leavening it will not rise but spoil. or leavened but would spoil.

HALAKHAH: Rebbi Hoshaiah asked Cahana: From where that these are subject to ḥallah but exempt from tithes? He said to him, do not tell me (Num. 15:19): “you shall lift”; (v. 20) “so you shall lift.”¹¹⁹“It shall be when you eat from the bread of the Land, you shall lift a heave for the Eternal. The first of your doughs, ḥallah you shall lift as heave, as the heave of the threshing floor so you shall lift it.” At first glance, the second verse seems to imply that anything exempt from great heave should be exempt from ḥallah. Cahana assumes that R. Hoshaiah’s question was, why should the items enumerated in the Mishnah ever be subject to ḥallah? He came back and said, from 14 [years]¹²⁰The years of conquest and distribution under Joshua, when they ate from the bread of the Land but did not harvest themselves. Cf. Seder Olam11 [in the author’s edition (Northvale NJ 1998), pp. 116–117, Note 2]; ‘Orlah1:2, Note 55.. Just as in the 14 years they were subject to ḥallah but exempt from tithes, so these are subject to ḥallah but exempt from tithes.