Tafsiran Keluaran 22:30: Rashi, Chizkuni, Da'at Zekenim & Ramban

ואנשי קדש תהיון לי AND YE SHALL BE MEN OF HOLINESS UNTO ME — If you will be holy and keep yourselves aloof from the loathsomeness of carrion and Trefa you are Mine, if not you are not Mine (cf. Mekhilta).

ובשר בשדה טרפה, “flesh from animals that were found in the field torn,” you must not eat; eating such flesh is an even greater sin than eating the flesh of animals that died of natural causes but had not undergone ritual slaughter. The probable reason is that such torn carcasses may have become infected by harmful bacteria transmitted by the marauding beast that had caused their death. It is therefore to be left untouched on the field where found. Animals that died a natural death may be sold by you to human beings, as opposed to the dogs to which you may feed the remains of animals which had died a violent death. By selling the carcass of an animal which died from natural causes to human beings blessed with a brain, you do not expose such a human being to potential poisoning. The reason why the Torah inserted this verse here is because it had previously been speaking of animals which are fit for you to eat.

And the meat in the field that is torn. Since the dog risked its life over the torn prey when the wolf came to tear it, it should not seem like an imposition of good will towards it that when you have torn prey, you should throw it to the dog as reward for having guarded it until now so it would not be torn, and also to continue guarding the other animals, for thus is the way of the world to appoint dogs to guard the flocks from wolves.