Pemikiran Yahudi Kejadian 27:11: Derashot HaRan

To this should be added the fact that the Blessed One, "who scans the actions of men and brings counsel from afar," wished to create animosity between the brothers, so that when the one sinned the other would be "the staff of His wrath and the rod of His anger" to chastise him. And He implanted this in the nature of these two brothers by making them opposites and generating therefrom all of their activities. The entire episode follows this theme. First it is written (Genesis 25:22): "And the children wrangled within her, and she said: 'If so, why am I thus?'" which our sages expounded (Genesis Rabbah 63:6) to the effect that when Rebeccah became conscious of the fetuses' strange movements, she asked the pregnant women if something like this had ever happened to them, and when answered in the negative said: "If so," this not being the way of nature, "why am I thus" placed in this strange situation which was never the lot of others? (Ibid): "And she went to inquire of the L-rd" — (that is, of a prophet) to be apprised why this was happening, and he answered her, viz. (Ibid 23): "And the L-rd said to her: 'There are two nations in your womb, and two peoples will separate themselves from your innards.'" He thereby informed her that these two fetuses would be the progenitors of different mighty nations and peoples, who would be entirely incompatible with each other and unable to co-exist in peace, but (Ibid): "One people will overpower the other." It was for this reason that the Blessed One implanted in these two fetuses natures of the very opposite extremes. This is evidenced both in their physical features and in their character traits. In their physical features — Esau was ruddy and hairy, attesting to his hot-blooded, passionate nature; whereas Jacob was smooth-skinned, attesting to his good, even-tempered nature. And their character traits paralleled their natures. For though character is not dictated by nature, it is undeniably predisposed by it. For this reason it is written (Ibid 27) that Esau "knew hunting" (his nature inclining to stratagems and subtleties, the like being employed in the trapping of animals) and that he was "a man of the field" (seeking movement, his feet not planted in his home). And Jacob possessed the opposite of these two tendencies. He was "a simple man," walking uprightly and "glorying in dwelling at home." Their physical features and their character traits, then, show them to be of diametrically opposed natures, the Blessed One having created them thus (but not having compelled them to be good or evil). And this is the natural reason, in my view, for the two fetuses being antagonistic to each other while yet in the womb. For I do not believe that these two fetuses were invested with a prophetic effluence which foreshadowed their destiny. In any event an explanation in terms of nature is called for, and that is that their antagonism stemmed from the Blessed One's having created them diametrically opposed in nature, so that their natures contended with each other in the womb itself (though they were not pre-determinedly good or evil). And because every natural force, when it encounters its opposite, either attempts to overpower it or flees before it, each one of those fetuses sought through its natural force to overpower the other or to escape it. This is the intent of "Vayitrotzatzu" ["and they wrangled"], which connotes both running and striking. And this was deliberately intended by the Blessed One so that each one be imbued with hatred and aversion towards the other. For similarity of natures produces similar character traits and invites love, whereas dissimilarity in natures produces a corresponding dissimilarity in character traits and arouses hatred. (In my view, the serpent in Genesis is to be understood in the same manner, but this is not the place for it [see The First Discourse]). In sum, the brothers were implanted with diametrically opposite natures to create between them a root of hatred.